Table 3.

Mean absolute error between subject EMG and model muscle activations across tasks.

Task	Superior trapezius	Middle trapezius	Inferior trapezius	Serratus anterior	Anterior deltoid	Middle deltoid	Posterior deltoid	Infra-spinatus	Teres Major	Pec.Maj. clavicle	Latissimus dorsi
Shrug	0.09	0.01	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.06	0.02
Shrug+	0.05	0.02	0.01	0.08	0.01	0.05	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.08
Flexion	0.05	0.04	0.03	0.05	0.04	0.06	0.02	0.02	0.05	0.04	0.08
Flexion+	0.07	0.05	0.03	0.08	0.05	0.07	0.05	0.03	0.08	0.05	0.15
Abduction	0.10	0.07	0.05	0.05	0.09	0.08	0.06	0.04	0.02	0.01	0.04
Abduction+	0.10	0.05	0.04	0.08	0.05	0.07	0.08	0.08	0.04	0.02	0.11

A value below 0.1 corresponds to <10% difference between two signals. Values > 0.1 are in bold. +Indicates the task with a 2kg hand-held mass.