Table 1.

Discovery, Validation, Exploration, and Cytometry Cohorts

Dataset	Category	Reference	Country	Tissue	Manufacturer	Composition	Total
GSE17065	discovery	(Idaghdour et al., 2010)	Morocco	WB	Illumina	females: 70; males: 43	113
GSE19151	discovery	(Lewis et al., 2011)	USA	WB	Affymetrix	females: 25; males: 26	51
GSE21862	discovery	(McHale et al., 2011)	China	PBMC	Illumina	females: 43; males: 44	87
GSE47353	discovery	(Tsang et al., 2014)	USA	PBMC	Affymetrix	females: 24; males: 19	43
GSE53195	discovery	(Hemani et al., 2014)	Australia	WB	Illumina	females: 34; males: 26	60
GSE60491	discovery	(Vedhara et al., 2015)	UK	PBMC	Illumina	females: 62; males: 31	93
Total			5 countries			females: 258; males: 189	447
GSE13485	validation	(Querec et al., 2009)	USA	PBMC	Affymetrix	females: 13; males: 7	20
GSE18323	validation	(Vahey et al., 2010)	USA	PBMC	Affymetrix	females: 15; males: 33	48
GSE19442	validation	(Berry et al., 2010)	South Africa	WB	Illumina	females: 20; males: 11	31
GSE21311	validation	(Mason et al., 2010)	Australia	WB	Illumina	females: 21; males: 19	40
GSE30453	validation	(Heinzen et al., 2008)	USA	PBMC	Affymetrix	females: 12; males: 29	41
GSE37069	validation	(Seok et al., 2013)	USA	WB	Affymetrix	females: 11; males:18	29
GSE38484	validation	(de Jong et al., 2012)	Netherlands, Denmark	WB	Illumina	females: 30; males: 24	54
GSE58137	validation	(Peters et al., 2015)	USA	WB	Illumina	females: 75; males: 24	99
GSE61821	validation	(Hoang et al., 2014)	Singapore	WB	Illumina	females: 34; males: 80	114
GSE65219	validation	(Kuparinen et al., 2013)	Finland	PBMC	Illumina	females: 21; males: 9	30
GSE85263	validation	(Rojas-Pena et al., 2018)	Colombia	PBMC	Illumina HiSeq	females: 11; males: 7	18
Total			8 countries			females: 263; males: 261	524
GSE47584	exploration	(Huang et al., 2015)	China	WB	Agilent	XXY males: 5	10
						XY males: 5
GSE42331	exploration	(Zitzmann et al., 2015)	Germany	WB	Affymetrix	XX females: 15	65
						XY males: 15
						XXY males: 35
GSE21311	exploration	(Mason et al., 2010)	Australia	WB	Illumina	females: 49	97
						males: 48
GSE38484	exploration	(de Jong et al., 2012)	Netherlands, Denmark	WB	Illumina	females: 51	90
						male: 39
GSE58137	exploration	(Peters et al., 2015)	USA	WB	Illumina	females: 165	248
						males: 83
SDY212	exploration	(Furman et al., 2013)	USA	WB	Illumina	females: 53	88
						males: 35
GSE73072	exploration	(Liu et al., 2016)	UK	WB	Affymetrix	females: 15	542
						males: 14
						time points: 20
GSE68310	exploration	(Zhai et al., 2015)	USA	WB	Illumina	females: 27	86
						males: 18
						time points: 2
GSE48018	exploration	(Bucasas et al., 2011)	USA	WB	Illumina	males: 108	108
GSE48023	exploration	(Bucasas et al., 2011)	USA	WB	Illumina	females: 106	106
GSE39088	exploration	(Lauwerys et al., 2013)	Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, France, Germany, Switzerland	WB	Affymetrix	SLE females: 26	60
						control females: 34
GSE49454	exploration	(Chiche et al., 2014)	France	WB	Illumina	SLE females: 53	82
						control females: 17
						SLE males: 9
						control males: 3
Milieu Intérieur	exploration	(Piasecka et al., 2018)	France	WB	NanoString	females: 152	279
						males: 127
Total			12 countries			females: 763; males: 504; XXY males: 40	1,861
Milieu Intérieur	cytometry; exploration	(Patin et al., 2018)	France	WB	cytometry (flow)	females: 391; males: 389	780
Fragiadakis et al.	cytometry; exploration	Fragiadakis et al., 2019	USA	PBMC	CyTOF	females: 39; males: 44	83
GSE47353	cytometry; exploration	(Tsang et al., 2014)	USA	PBMC	flow cytometry	females: 37; males: 23	60
GSE65133	cytometry; exploration	(Newman et al., 2015)	USA	PBMC	flow cytometry	females: 10; males: 10	20
Total			2 countries			females: 477; males: 466	943

WB, whole blood.