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. 2019 Oct;96(4):871–882. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.04.040

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Crown Copyright © 2019 Published by Elsevier, Inc., on behalf of the International Society of Nephrology.

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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A teratoma and a mini kidney formed in vivo. The upper frame shows the histology of a teratoma, a type of tumor, that grew after implanting undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) under the skin of an immunocompromised mouse. Note muscle (m) and neural tissue (n). The lower frame shows an example of a mini kidney that formed after subcutaneous implantation of hPSC-derived kidney precursors. Note that the teratoma contains a mixture of tissues, whereas the mini kidney contains nephron-like structures, with some off-target cartilage (asterisk). Bar = 0.2 mm. Images are adapted from Bantounas I, Ranjzad P, Tengku F, et al. Generation of functioning nephrons by implanting human pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney progenitors. Stem Cell Reports. 2018;10:766–779²³ via Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). To optimize viewing of this image, please see the online version of this article at www.kidney-international.org.