Table 3.
Results of (a) un-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to test univariate associations between patient characteristics and time to end (days) post-intervention (PI) patency loss of PI cumulative patency loss; (b) adjusted Cox proportional hazards model controlling for all patient characteristics; and (c) stepwise estimation, for all patients (with one or more lesions) (N = 124).
| Patient characteristics; potential predictors of the outcome(s) | (a) Un-adjusted Cox proportional
hazards models HR (95% CI) |
(b) Adjusted Cox proportional hazards
model HR (95% CI) |
(c) Stepwise selection Sig. or NS |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PI primary patency loss | PI cumulative patency loss | PI primary patency loss | PI cumulative patency loss | PI primary patency loss | PI cumulative patency loss | |
| Age | ||||||
| <65 years (ref) | – | – | – | – | ||
| ⩾65 years | 0.92 (0.57, 1.50) | 1.38 (0.71, 2.66) | 1.20 (0.66, 2.18) | *2.31 (1.05, 5.08) | NS | *Sig. |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female (ref) | – | – | – | – | ||
| Male | 1.17 (0.72, 1.90) | 1.25 (0.65, 2.41) | 1.10 (0.64, 1.90) | 1.02 (0.48, 2.16) | NS | NS |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Non-white (ref) | – | – | – | – | ||
| White | 0.66 (0.40, 1.08) | 0.63 (0.32, 1.24) | *0.46 (0.26, 0.83) | *0.42 (0.18, 0.99) | *Sig. | *Sig. |
| Age of fistula (log days) | *0.80 (0.65, 0.99) | *0.72 (0.53, 0.97) | *0.67 (0.51, 0.88) | *0.53 (0.35, 0.79) | *Sig. | *Sig. |
| Statins | ||||||
| None (ref) | – | – | – | – | ||
| Any | 1.63 (1.00, 2.68) | 1.76 (0.89, 3.47) | 1.53 (0.80, 2.93) | 0.88 (0.36, 2.15) | NS | NS |
| CAD | ||||||
| No (ref) | – | – | – | – | ||
| Yes | 0.94 (0.52, 1.70) | 1.25 (0.59, 2.66) | 0.68 (0.32, 1.43) | 1.11 (0.42, 2.89) | NS | NS |
| PVD | ||||||
| No (ref) | – | – | – | – | ||
| Yes | 1.56 (0.77, 3.16) | 1.83 (0.76, 4.43) | 1.61 (0.70, 3.71) | 1.09 (0.37, 3.18) | NS | NS |
| Anticoagulation | ||||||
| No (ref) | – | – | – | – | ||
| Yes | 1.49 (0.60, 3.73) | 1.41 (0.43, 4.62) | 2.24 (0.79, 6.35) | 2.30 (0.59, 9.00) | NS | NS |
| Diabetes | – | |||||
| No (ref) | – | – | – | – | ||
| Yes | 1.18 (0.72, 1.92) | 1.80 (0.94, 3.48) | 0.86 (0.46, 1.62) | 1.55 (0.61, 3.94) | NS | NS |
| Type of access | ||||||
| Brachiobasilic (ref) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Brachiocephalic | 0.93 (0.56, 1.56) | 1.04 (0.52, 2.09) | 1.05 (0.60, 1.85) | 1.09 (0.49, 2.44) | ||
| Radiocephalic | 1.13 (0.46, 2.77) | 1.00 (0.28, 3.53) | 1.46 (0.55, 3.85) | 1.33 (0.33, 5.35) | NS | NS |
| Number of lesions | ||||||
| 1 (ref) | – | – | – | – | ||
| 2+ | 1.19 (0.73, 1.95) | 1.49 (0.77, 2.88) | 1.20 (0.69, 2.08) | 1.33 (0.63, 2.78) | NS | NS |
| Thrombosis | ||||||
| No (ref) | – | – | – | – | ||
| Yes | **3.14 (1.59, 6.20) | **4.68 (2.11, 10.36) | **5.25 (2.27, 12.12) | **13.34 (4.43, 40.18) | **Sig. | **Sig. |
| Previous intervention | ||||||
| 0 (ref) | – | – | – | – | ||
| 1+ | 1.09 (0.65, 1.81) | 0.95 (0.47, 1.91) | *2.12 (1.10, 4.06) | *2.90 (1.18, 7.09) | *Sig. | *Sig. |
HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; ref: reference category; Sig.: significant (p < 0.05) in stepwise regression; NS: not significant in stepwise regression and therefore removed from model; CAD: coronary artery disease; PVD: peripheral vascular disease.
*
Statistically significant at the p < 0.05 level; **statistically significant at the p < 0.001 level.