Table 1.
Demographics, biochemistry tests, inflammatory cytokines and neuropsychological assessments between ESRD and HC
| ESRD (n=28) | HC (n=19) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (y) | 43.9 ± 13.8 | 44.1 ± 10.0 | 0.954c |
| Gender (M/F) | 13/15 | 12/7 | 0.382b |
| Education (y) | 11.1 ± 3.6 | 12.4 ± 4.2 | 0.271c |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.6 ± 2.6 | 23.7 ± 3.1 | 0.001c |
| TIV (cm3) | 1133.4 ± 134 | 1202.7 ± 116 | 0.072c |
| Biochemistry indicator | |||
| Urea nitrogen (mg/dl) | 54.1 ± 24.6 | - | - |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 9.09 ± 3.90 | - | - |
| Uric acid (mg/dl) | 359.9 ± 172.0 | - | - |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 5.0 (9.0 - 4.0) | - | - |
| Inflammation cytokines | |||
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 0.9 (1.1 - 0.7) | 0.002a |
| IL-1alpha (pg/mL) | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.075c |
| IFN-gamma (pg/mL) | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 0.2 (0.6 - 0.1) | 0.028a |
| TNF-alpha (pg/mL) | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.000c |
| Neuropsychological assessments | |||
| MMSE/30 (score) | 29 (30 - 28) | 29 (30 - 28) | 0.999 a |
| MoCA/30 (score) | 25.5 (27.0 - 25.0) | 28 (29 - 26) | 0.005a |
| NCT-A (s) | 60.0 (79.5 - 40.0) | 44.5 ± 8.4 | 0.036a |
| LTT (s) | 59.2 ± 19.8 | 48.6 ± 16.3 | 0.060c |
| SDT (s) | 49.2 ± 13.4 | 37.3 ± 5.4 | 0.001c |
| DST (n) | 37.8 ± 12.7 | 48.9 ± 15.4 | 0.010c |
| SAS (score) | 31.2 ± 5.2 | 27.4 ± 4.5 | 0.007 c |
| SDS (score) | 35.6 ± 7.2 | 28.6 ± 6.3 | 0.001c |
a, Mann-Whitney U test; b, χ2 test; c, independent two sample t-test.
eGFR= estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESRD: end-stage renal disease; F: female; HC: healthy control; IFN: interferon; IL: interleukin; LTT: line-tracing test; M: male; MMSE: mini-mental state examination; MoCA: Montreal cognitive assessment; n: number; NCT: number connection test; s: second; SAS: self-rating anxiety scale; SDS: self-rating depression scale; SDT: serial dotting test; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; y: year.