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. 2019 Oct 17;9(26):7981–8000. doi: 10.7150/thno.37568

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic illustration of nanoparticle-mediated modulation of immune response to improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. Engineered nanoparticles are taken up and escape the endosome to release a variety of cargoes (such as antigens and adjuvants) in tumor immune microenvironment and lymph nodes whereas the negative regulatory pathways are deactivated by immune-checkpoint inhibitors.