Figure 7.

(a) Schematic of the T cell-targeted DNA nanocarrier. The fabrication of NPs is demonstrated. The two plasmids encoding for 194-1BBz CAR and the iPB7 transposase were encapsulated into the nanoparticles. Adapted with permission from ¹⁰⁵, copyright 2017 Nature Publishing Group. (b) Schematic of the synthesis of protein NG and protein release in response to reducing conditions of local microenvironment. (c) Scheme for surface modification of cytokine-NGs that ensured effective and stable anchoring on T cell surfaces. (d) Fold expansion of naive CD8+ T cells that were stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28 beads in the presence of surface-bound aCD45/IL-15Sa-NGs, IL-15Sa-NGs or nondegradable NGs (aCD45/IL-15SaNGs(non-deg.)) or that were incubated with free IL-15Sa. Adapted with permission from ¹⁰⁶, copyright 2018 Nature Publishing Group.