Expression of multiple cytokines in the culture supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy controls and the patients with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor‐associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS). PBMCs from healthy controls (HC; n = 4, collected samples = 4) and the TRAPS patients (n = 2, collected samples = 4) were incubated for 10 h with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0·01, 0·1, 1·0 ng/ml), Pam3CSK (10 μg/ml), HKLM (3 × 108 cells/ml), FLA‐ST (10 ng/ml), FSL1 (1 ng/ml), interleukin (IL)‐1β (1 ng/ml) and TNF (100 ng/ml). The expression levels of indicated cytokines and chemokines were determined using a multiplex assay system. Values are presented at the means ± standard deviation (s.d.). *P < 0·05; n.d. = not determined; n.s. = no stimulation; LPS = lipopolysaccharide; HKLM, heat‐killed Listeria monocytogenes; FLA‐ST, flagellin from Salmonella typhimurium; IL, interleukin; GM‐CSF, granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor.