Table 2.
Multivariable-adjusted associations of incremental glucose peak (IGP) and microvascular function
| Model | B (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Retinal arteriolar baseline diameter, MU (n = 1591) | ||
| Crude | − 0.035 (− 0.295; 0.225) | 0.792 |
| Model 2 | 0.068 (− 0.204; 0.339) | 0.626 |
| Model 3 | − 0.145 (− 0.503; 0.213) | 0.428 |
| Model 4 | − 0.092 (− 0.451; 0.267) | 0.614 |
| Model 5 | − 0.157 (− 0.528; 0.214) | 0.406 |
| Retinal arteriolar average dilatation, % (n = 1591) | ||
| Crude | − 0.088 (− 0.134; − 0.043) | < 0.001 |
| Model 2 | − 0.073 (− 0.121; − 0.026) | 0.002 |
| Model 3 | − 0.038 (− 0.101; 0.024) | 0.229 |
| Model 4 | − 0.042 (− 0.105; 0.020) | 0.184 |
| Model 5 | − 0.022 (− 0.087; 0.043) | 0.506 |
| Skin baseline blood flow, PU (n = 1134) | ||
| Crude | 0.016 (− 0.110; 0.142) | 0.799 |
| Model 2 | − 0.024 (− 0.155; 0.107) | 0.722 |
| Model 3 | 0.025 (− 0.149; 0.198) | 0.780 |
| Model 4 | 0.049 (− 0.126; 0.224) | 0.581 |
| Model 5 | 0.065 (− 0.117; 0.246) | 0.485 |
| Heat-induced skin hyperemia, % (n = 1134) | ||
| Crude | − 28.109 (− 42.778; − 13.440) | < 0.001 |
| Model 2 | − 12.503 (-27.509; 2.504) | 0.102 |
| Model 3 | − 3.311 (− 23.208; 16.586) | 0.744 |
| Model 4 | − 5.332 (− 25.420; 14.756) | 0.603 |
| Model 5 | − 1.380 (− 22.273; 19.513) | 0.897 |
Regression coefficients (B) indicate the mean difference (95% confidence interval) associated with 1 unit (mmol/L) increase of IGP. Model 1: crude. Model 2: additionally adjusted for age and sex. Model 3: additionally adjusted for HbA1c. Model 4: additionally adjusted for office systolic blood pressure. Model 5: additionally adjusted for body mass index, smoking status, physical activity, Mediterranean diet score, use of antihypertensive and lipid-modifying drugs, fasting triglycerides, and total-to-HDL cholesterol levels