Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showing the odd ratios for independent factors associated with disabling musculoskeletal symptoms
| Variables | Disabling Symptoms in the Past 12 months? (N = 58) | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| X2 | P-value a | Unadjusted OR (CI) | Adjusted OR (CI) b | Adjusted P-value a | |||
| Age (years) | < 30 | 12 | 16.38 | 0.003 | 1 | 1 | |
| 30–39 | 31 | 2.6 (1.2–5.6) | 4.1 (1.1–15.3) | 0.04 | |||
| 40–49 | 4 | 0.5 (0.2–1.8) | 0.5 (0.1–3.7) | 0.49 | |||
| 50–59 | 7 | 3.6 (1.1–11.8) | 4.7 (0.6–38.4) | 0.15 | |||
| ≥ 60 | 4 | 5.4 (1.1–27.6) | 6.9 (0.5–90.6) | 0.14 | |||
| Sex | Male | 26 | 4.20 | 0.04 | 1 | 1 | |
| Female | 32 | 1.9 (1.1–3.5) | 2.7 (1.2–6.5) | 0.02 | |||
| Professional Rank | Consultant | 17 | 1.25 | 0.54 | 1 | 1 | |
| Specialist | 19 | 1.5 (0.7–3.2) | 0.9 (0.3–3.3) | 0.89 | |||
| Resident | 22 | 1.1 (0.5–2.1) | 3.5 (0.3–38.4) | 0.29 | |||
| Years of Practice | Less than 1 | 4 | 1.05 | 0.79 | 1 | 1 | |
| 1 to 5 | 22 | 1.8 (0.5–5.9) | 3.1 (0.7–14.5) | 0.15 | |||
| 6 to 10 | 11 | 1.6 (0.4–5.8) | 2.7 (0.5–29.4) | 0.40 | |||
| More than 10 | 21 | 1.8 (0.5–6.1) | 10.5 (0.8–142.1) | 0.08 | |||
| Time Spent at Computer Workstation (hours/day) | < 4 | 1 | 10.69 | 0.014 | 1 | 1 | |
| 4–6 | 11 | 1.4 (0.2–12.5) | 0.08 (0.03–1.7) | 0.11 | |||
| 7–9 | 41 | 3.9 (0.5–33.1) | 0.2 (0.02–1.1) | 0.06 | |||
| > 9 | 5 | 7.0 (0.6–79.9) | 0.5 (0.9–3.0) | 0.45 | |||
| Frequency of Breaks | At least every hour | 4 | 3.51 | 0.32 | 1 | 1 | |
| Every 2 h | 18 | 1.9 (0.6–6.2) | 1.6 (0.4–7.3) | 0.54 | |||
| Twice a day | 17 | 1.8 (0.6–6.2) | 1.2 (0.4–3.7) | 0.80 | |||
| Once a day | 19 | 2.9 (0.9–9.9) | 1.9 (0.6–6.4) | 0.31 | |||
| Duration of Breaks (min) | < 5 | 9 | 3.01 | 0.39 | 1.9 (0.6–6.1) | 1.6 (0.5–17.3) | 0.44 |
| 5–10 | 22 | 0.8 (0.3–2.1) | 1.2 (0.5–3.8) | 0.90 | |||
| 11–15 | 18 | 1.2 (0.5–3.1) | 1.3 (0.3–9.4) | 0.41 | |||
| > 15 | 9 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Workstation Stretching Exercises | No | 33 | 2.16 | 0.14 | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 25 | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 0.7 (0.4–1.4) | 0.28 | |||
| Adjustable Height of Workstation? | Yes | 15 | 3.56 | 0.06 | 1 | 1 | |
| No | 43 | 1.9 (1.0–3.8) | 1.7 (1.0–3.9) | 0.13 | |||
| Easily Adjustable Viewing Distance? | Yes | 36 | 0.34 | 0.56 | 1 | 1 | |
| No | 22 | 1.2 (0.6–2.3) | 2.0 (0.8–4.9) | 0.12 | |||
| Imaging Modality Predominantly Reported | CT | 10 | 15.92 | 0.007 | 2.9 (1.1–7.1) | 4.1 (1.4–12.3) | 0.01 |
| MRI | 2 | 3.7 (0.3–60.9) | 4.9 (0.2–120.0) | 0.33 | |||
| US | 8 | 5.6 (1.8–16.8) | 5.9 (1.4–25.3) | 0.02 | |||
| Nuclear Imaging | 3 | 3.7 (0.7–19.3) | 9.0 (0.9–89.4) | 0.06 | |||
| Fluoroscopy | 3 | [Cannot Be Computed] | 0.99 | ||||
| Varies | 30 | 1 | 1 | ||||
CT computed tomography; MRI magnetic resonance imaging; US ultrasound
aP-value in bold when significant
bORs are adjusted for age, sex, institution of practice, and time spent at computer workstation