Table 3.

Etiology of duodenal varices

Cirrhosis of Liver

Thrombotic disorders and coagulopathies

Schistosomiasis

Pancreatitis

Omphalophlebitis (surgical catheterization of umbilicus in adults)

Pancreatic and periportal tumors

Mesenteric metastasis

Surgical procedure or trauma

Visceral hemangiomata (Klipple-Treaunay-Weber Syndrome)

Vascular Anomalies (Occlusion of SMV by abnormal ileocecal artery)

Retroperitoneal Fibrosis

Reproduced with permission from reference.[4] Reformatted from the original