TABLE 1.
Ingredients in products from NHANES DS files with DSID-predicted overages >20% above the labeled amount1
| 2003–2004 | 2005–2006 | 2007–2008 | 2009–2010 | 2011–2012 | 2013–2014 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ingredients, NHANES cycles | n/Total n, % | w/W, % | n/Total n, % | w/W, % | n/Total n, % | w/W, % | n/Total n, % | w/W, % | n/Total n, % | w/W, % | n/Total n, % | w/W, % |
| Adult MVM-1 | ||||||||||||
| Calcium | 51/311, 16.4 | 6.83 | 67/340, 19.6 | 7.86 | 52/347, 16.2 | 4.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Iodine | 264/264, 100 | 100 | 280/280,100 | 100 | 262/262, 100 | 100 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Selenium | 311/311, 100 | 100 | 336/336, 100 | 100 | 338/338, 100 | 100 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Adult MVM-2 | ||||||||||||
| Chromium | — | — | — | — | — | — | 254/324, 78.4 | 90.6 | 256/311, 82.3 | 93.7 | 298/369, 80.8 | 91 |
| Folic acid | — | — | — | — | — | — | 382/460, 83 | 91.9 | 389/460, 84.6 | 93.7 | 444/524, 84.7 | 92 |
| Iodine | — | — | — | — | — | — | 259/259, 100 | 100 | 248/248, 100 | 100 | 297/297, 100 | 100 |
| Selenium | — | — | — | — | — | — | 255/324, 78.7 | 87.8 | 227/306, 74.2 | 82.5 | 250/353, 70.8 | 75.7 |
| Vitamin A | — | — | — | — | — | — | 207/400, 51.7 | 80.6 | 225/405, 55.6 | 80.5 | 273/461, 59.2 | 77.7 |
| Vitamin B12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 459/459, 100 | 100 | 466/466, 100 | 100 | 539/539, 100 | 100 |
| Vitamin D | — | — | — | — | — | — | 389/394, 98.7 | 99.7 | 389/397, 98.0 | 99.5 | 436/453, 96.3 | 98.5 |
| Children's (>4 y old) MVMs | ||||||||||||
| Calcium | — | — | 13/65, 20 | 10.2 | 11/46, 23.9 | 6.28 | 13/35, 37.1 | 8.5 | — | — | — | — |
| Iodine | — | — | 56/69, 81.2 | 92.4 | 50/60, 83.3 | 95.9 | 55/69, 79.7 | 95.6 | — | — | — | — |
| Vitamin A | — | — | 31/140, 22.1 | 11.9 | 38/114, 33.3 | 28.6 | 50/114, 43.9 | 43.4 | — | — | — | — |
| Vitamin D | — | — | 142/142, 100 | 100 | 115/115, 100 | 100 | 126/126, 100 | 100 | — | — | — | — |
| Vitamin E | — | — | 64/115, 55.7 | 50.7 | 55/90, 61.1 | 53.2 | 71/96, 74 | 63.7 | — | — | — | — |
| Nonprescription prenatal MVMs | ||||||||||||
| Chromium | — | — | — | — | 2/2, 100 | 100 | 4/4, 100 | 100 | 5/6, 83.3 | 85.2 | — | — |
| Iodine | — | — | — | — | 5/5, 100 | 100 | 7/7, 100 | 100 | 9/9, 100 | 100 | — | — |
| Potassium | — | — | — | — | 2/2, 100 | 100 | 4/4, 100 | 100 | 5/5, 100 | 100 | — | — |
1Ingredients with overages of 0–10% are not included in Tables 1–3. The list of ingredients statistically evaluated by regression varied by product category (7). “n/Total n” indicates the number of products predicted to exceed 20% of ingredient label value divided by the total number of the products in the DS category for each NHANES cycle (within the DSID regression ranges); “w/W” indicates n/total n converted to weighted frequency with NHANES weights: the market share of products predicted to have ingredient levels >20% of label divided by the total market share of products in the DS category containing each ingredient per NHANES cycle (within the DSID regression ranges). DS, dietary supplement; DSID, Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database; MVM, multivitamin-mineral; MVM-1, first MVM study; MVM-2, second MVM study.