A) PCR products (amplicons) for each individual isoform analyzed on agarose gel (1.5%) (left panel). Numbers above the DNA fragments represent the size, in base pairs, of each isoform. Middle panel: Relative expression of total IL-32 mRNA (sum of relative expression of 6 IL-32 isoforms) in PBMCs from HIVneg (n=10, in green), HIV+ cART-treated (n=10, in blue) and HIV+ viremic participants (n=7 in red). Right panel: Correlation between cell-associated total IL-32 mRNA and cell-associated IL-32 protein (measured by ELISA on total PBMCs lysate) (n= 20). B) Relative expression of individual IL-32 isoforms in total PBMCs from HIVneg (n=10, in green), HIV+ cART-treated individuals (n=10, in blue) and HIV+ viremic participants (n=7, in red). C) Correlations between Log10 HIV viral load (Log10VL) and relative expression of individual IL-32 isoforms in viremic individuals (n=7). Data were analyzed by non-parametric Mann-Whitney test in A (middle panel) and B, whereas Spearman correlation was used for data in A (right panel) and C. β-glu: β-glucuronidase.