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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Sleep Med Rep. 2018 Oct 23;4(4):284–293. doi: 10.1007/s40675-018-0131-6

Figure 1. Longitudinal Changes in Total Sleep Time (A), Wake After Sleep Onset (B), Slow Wave Sleep (C) and REM sleep (D) in the Sleep Heart Health Study.

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Each line represents one participant’s change in sleep from visit 1 to visit 2. The pre-to-post increase in total sleep time was significant but small, t(2642) = 3.12, p = .002, d = 0.06, whereas the increase in wake after sleep onset was large, t(2642) = 20.63, p < .001, d = 0.40. SWS declined over time by 9.0%, t(2642) = 8.51, p < .001, d = 0.17, whereas REM sleep actually increased over time by 3.6%, t(2642) = 3.99, p < .001, d = 0.08 (greater age at visits 1 and 2 was cross-sectionally associated with decreased REM, rs = −.220 and −.295).