Table 1.
Clinical and demographic parameters of the entire SSc cohort, and in patients stratified by GLS
| Clinical parameters | Total SSc Cohort, n = 277 | Normal GLS (≥17.0), n = 145 | Low GLS (>−17.0), n = 47 | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at baseline, years | 57 (13) | 57 (14) | 57 (12) | 0.769 |
| Disease duration at baseline, years | 1.7 (0.3‐7.6) | 2.3 (0.4‐8.6) | 1.0 (0.3‐9.3) | 0.359 |
| Observation period, years | 5.1 (2.2‐7.2) | 4.8 (2.2‐7.1) | 4.9 (1.6‐6.8) | 0.554 |
| Female, n (%) | 227 (82) | 127 (88) | 30 (64) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 (n = 275) | 24 (4) | 24 (4) | 24 (4) | 0.859 |
| History of smoking, n (%) (n = 256) | 154 (60) | 72 (53) | 34 (81) | 0.001 |
| Deceased, n (%) | 73 (26) | 29 (20) | 13 (28) | 0.270 |
| SSc parameters | ||||
| lcSSc, n (%) (n = 269) | 194 (70) | 106 (73) | 32 (68) | 0.235 |
| ACA, n (%) | 140 (51) | 75 (52) | 23 (49) | 0.740 |
| ATA, n (%) | 49 (18) | 29 (20) | 9 (19) | 0.899 |
| mRSS (n = 242) | 6 (4‐14) | 5 (3‐12) | 7 (4‐19) | 0.140 |
| Digital ulcers, n (%) (n = 270) | 119 (44) | 67 (47) | 18 (38) | 0.289 |
| Calcinosis, n (%) (n = 221) | 90 (41) | 49 (44) | 13 (34) | 0.302 |
| Pulmonary fibrosis, % (n = 256) | 150 (59) | 73 (54) | 29 (69) | 0.078 |
| Extent of pulmonary fibrosis, % (n = 256) | 7.9 (2.0‐22.8) | 9.6 (2.0‐22.2) | 6.6 (0.8‐34.5) | 0.724 |
| Cardiac parameters | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 36 (13) | 17 (12) | 7 (15) | 0.568 |
| Heart failure, n (%) | 17 (6) | 4 (3) | 3 (6) | 0.365 |
| Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 46 (17) | 17 (12) | 9 (19) | 0.196 |
| Diastolic dysfunction, n (%) (n = 205) | 32 (16) | 20 (17) | 5 (13) | 0.554 |
| Precapillary PH at baseline, n (%) | 29 (10) | 17 (12) | 5 (11) | 0.818 |
| NT‐proBNP, pmol/l (n = 238) | 15 (8‐47) | 14 (7‐40) | 12 (8‐76) | 0.734 |
| Creatinine, μmol/l (n = 274) | 65 (56‐78) | 67 (59‐78) | 63 (55‐81) | 0.407 |
| Medication | ||||
| Acetylsalicylic acid, n (%) | 103 (37) | 53 (37) | 15 (32) | 0.564 |
| Statins, n (%) | 102 (37) | 54 (37) | 15 (32) | 0.508 |
| Beta blockers, n (%) | 88 (32) | 36 (25) | 19 (40) | 0.040 |
| ACE‐I/ARBs, n (%) | 104 (38) | 49 (34) | 19 (40) | 0.409 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 108 (39) | 48 (33) | 20 (43) | 0.239 |
| Calcium channel blockers, n (%) | 218 (79) | 118 (81) | 37 (79) | 0.688 |
| Anticoagulants, n (%) | 63 (23) | 25 (17) | 10 (21) | 0.533 |
Abbreviation: ACA, anti‐centromere antibodies; ACE‐I, angiotensin converting enzyme‐inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; ATA, anti‐topoisomerase antibodies; BMI, body mass index; GLS, global longitudinal strain; lcSSc, limited cutaneous SSc; mRSS, modified Rodnan skin score; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide; PH, pulmonary hypertension; SSc, systemic sclerosis.
Assessed in all patients except otherwise stated (n =). Data are presented as means (SD), median (interquartile range), or number (percentage).