TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics (1987–1989) of black participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, stratified by chronic kidney disease andickle cell trait carrier status
| Chronic kidney disease |
No chronic kidney disease |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Sickle cell trait N = 42 |
Noncarrier status N = 426 |
P-value | Sickle cell trait N = 194 |
Noncarrier status N = 2940 |
P value |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (mean years ± SD) | 56 ±6 | 57 ± 5 | .5 | 53 ± 6 | 53 ± 6 | .6 |
| Women | 31 (74%) | 276 (65%) | .2 | 105 (54%) | 1812 (62%) | .04 |
| Medical history | ||||||
| Glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 51 ± 8 | 51 ± 11 | .8 | 76 ± 11 | 79 ± 12 | .005 |
| Current smoking | 10 (24%) | 103 (24%) | .2 | 47 (24%) | 909 (31%) | .05 |
| Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) | 18 (43%) | 194 (46%) | .7 | 74 (38%) | 1176 (40%) | .6 |
| Hypertension | 27 (64%) | 318 (75%) | .1 | 104 (54%) | 1560 (53%) | .9 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 13 (31%) | 126 (30%) | .9 | 33 (17%) | 527 (18%) | .7 |
| Hyperlipidemia (TC >240 mg/dL) | 23 (55%) | 145 (34%) | .008 | 51 (26%) | 732 (25%) | .7 |
| Biomarkers | ||||||
| Factor VII activity (%) | 137.8 ± 42.6 | 128.1 ± 39.9 | .1 | 123.0 ± 33.2 | 115.8 ± 29.0 | .0009 |
| Elevated factor VII activity (>150%) | 15 (36%) | 94 (22%) | .05 | 31 (16%) | 291 (10%) | .007 |
| Factor VIII activity (%) | 173.5 ± 69.4 | 165.9 ± 57.3 | .4 | 147.4 ± 47.3 | 144.3 ± 44.8 | .4 |
| Elevated factor VIII activity (>150%) | 25 (60%) | 245 (56%) | .7 | 79 (40%) | 1130 (38%) | .5 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 336.6 ± 63.8 | 341.7 ± 87.4 | .6 | 320.0 ± 80.0 | 317.5 ± 68.7 | .6 |
| Elevated fibrinogen (>400 mg/dL) | 6 (14%) | 89 (20%) | .3 | 27 (14%) | 348 (12%) | .4 |
| von Willebrand factor (%) | 157.0 ± 62.5 | 149.6 ± 61.6 | .5 | 139.2 ± 60.4 | 130.9 ± 55.6 | .04 |
| Elevated von Willebrand factor (>150%) | 24 (57%) | 192 (44%) | .1 | 70 (35%) | 903 (30%) | .1 |
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; TC, total cholesterol.