Table 1.

Soluble factors involved in Fib activation

Soluble drivers of fibrosis		Functions	References
Growth factors	TGF-β	Fib differentiation	[82]
	CTGF		[83]
	ET-1	Fib proliferation	[84, 85]
	CTGF		[86]
	PDGF		[25, 87]
	FGF		[25]
	IGF		[88]
	Epidermal growth factor (EGF)		[89]
	Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)		[90]
	Angiotensin II		[91]
Cytokines	TNF-α	Fib proliferation	[92]
	Osteopontin		[93]
	IL-1β		[94]
	IL-4		[95]
	IL-13		[96]
	IL-6		[97]
Chemokine ligands (CCLs)	CCL2	Fib proliferation	[98, 99]
	CCL11		[100]