Table 4. Recommendations to antidiarrheal and antibiotic treatment according to included CPGs.
| Antibiotics |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guidelines | Probiotics | Antimotility drugs | Adsorbents | Racecadotril | Zinc | Based on etiology* | Dysentery | Septicemia | Malnutrition/chronic conditions |
| Australia—NSW 2014 (23) | + | − | − | − | + | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| ESPGHAN 2014 (24) | + | − | + | + | − | + | + | NA | NA |
| Latin America 2014 (25) | + | − | + | + | + | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Kenya 2013 (26) | − | − | − | − | + | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Botswana 2012 (27) | − | NA | NA | NA | + | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| WGO 2012 (28) | + | − | + | + | + | + | NA | NA | |
| South Africa 2012 (29) | † | − | − | − | + | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| CCHMC 2011 (30) | † | − | − | − | NA | + | NA | NA | NA |
| Malaysian Pediatric Association 2011 (31) | + | − | + | + | + | + | + | NA | NA |
| NICE 2009 (10) | − | − | NA | NA | NA | + | + | + | NA |
| China 2009 (32) | + | NA | + | + | + | + | NA | NA | NA |
| Australia Harris 2008 (33) | + | − | − | − | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Indian Pediatric Society 2007 (34) | − | NA | NA | − | + | NA | + | NA | NA |
| Canadian Paediatric Society 2006 (35–36) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| WHO 2005 (37) | − | − | − | − | + | + | + | NA | + |
CCHMC = Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center; CPGs = clinical practice guidelines; ESPGHAN = European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition; NA = not assessed; NICE = National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; WGO = World Gastroenterology Organisation; WHO = World Health Organization.
*
Shigella, Campylobacter (within 72 h), E coli ETEC, Clostridium, parasitic infections, Salmonella non-typhi in high-risk categories.
†
See the text.