Table 2.
Spirometry, lung computed tomography, and arterial data
| Controls (n = 9) | COPD (GOLD 1–3) (n = 10) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Postbronchodilator FEV1% predicted | 110 ± 15.0 | 64 ± 15.8*** | <0.001 |
| Postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC, % | 79 ± 4.3 | 55 ± 8.5*** | <0.001 |
| % Air-trapping on lung CT (% of lung voxels −865 HU at RV) | 4.1 ± 3.9 | 17.7 ± 13.1** | <0.01 |
| Air-trapping on lung CT (Exp/Insp mean attenuation ratio) | 0.78 ± 0.1 | 0.85 ± 0.1* | 0.03 |
| % Emphysema on lung CT (% of lung voxels <−950 HU at TLC) | 1.3 ± 1.2 | 2.9 ± 2.8 | 0.14 |
| Radiologist qualitative rating of emphysema on lung CT, n (%) | 2 (22%) | 6 (60%) | 0.10 |
| Arterial Po2, mmHg | 84.6 ± 11.2 | 74.4 ± 10.3 | 0.06 |
| Arterial Pco2, mmHg | 38.3 ± 3.2 | 40.4 ± 5.6 | 0.35 |
| O2 saturation from pulse oximetry, % | 96.8 ± 1.5 | 95.9 ± 2.7 | 0.09 |
| 6MWT-total distance walked, ft | 1902.8 ± 271 | 1603.8 ± 400 | 0.08 |
| Carotid artery β-stiffness index, U | 10.6 ± 4.7 | 13.3 ± 5.1 | 0.26 |
| Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, cm/s | 760 ± 147.2 | 999 ± 292.7* | 0.04 |
| Carotid artery intimal-medial thickness, mm | 0.62 ± 0.1 | 0.68 ± 0.1 | 0.32 |
| Brachial artery FMD, %Δ | 6.8 ± 5.1 | 5.0 ± 2.1 | 0.32 |
| Brachial artery FMD absolute change, mm | 0.28 ± 0.2 | 0.21 ± 0.1 | 0.31 |
Data are expressed as means ± SD. CT, computed tomography; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1, forced expiratory volume; FMD, flow-mediated dilation; FVC, forced vital capacity; GOLD, Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease; HU, Hounsfield units; Pco2, partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Po2, partial pressure of oxygen; RV, residual volume; TLC, total lung capacity; 6MWT, 6-min walk test.
*
P < 0.05,
**
P < 0.01,
***
P < 0.001 vs. Controls.