Deficiency of the Malt1 protease in nonhematopoietic cells is insufficient to disrupt intestinal barrier integrity. (A) Body weight of WT→WT, Malt1PD→WT, or control Malt1PD→Malt1PD BM chimeras over time. Each line represents a mouse. (B) Acute DSS colitis was induced in WT (WT→WT) and Malt1PD (Malt1PD→WT) BM chimeras from (A) 9 wk after reconstitution by addition of 4% DSS to the drinking water for 5 d, followed by pure drinking water until the day of analysis (day 11). Body weight during the course of acute DSS colitis (day 0–day 5) and recovery phase (day 6–day 11). The results are expressed as the mean ± 95% confidence interval, n = 7–10. 1+ and 2+ stand for one or two animals that died at the indicated time point. (C) Frequency of Foxp3+ Tregs in CD4+ T cells from mLN, IELs, and colon LP of naive Malt1PD animals and WT littermates determined by flow cytometry. The results are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 3). (D) Ratio of nTregs versus iTregs in CD4+Foxp3+ cells from the spleen, mLN, IEL, and LP of Malt1PD mice and WT littermates, assessed by flow cytometry. The results are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 3–5). (E) Frequency of CD4+ (left) and CD8+ (right) T cells in mLN, IEL, and colon LP determined by flow cytometry. The results are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 3). All data are representative of at least two independent experiments. *p < 0.05, ****p < 0.0001.