Fig. 2.

Fluorescence microscopy of cellular carbonyls labelled with CHH. Primary rat cardiac cells were cultured in serum-free medium in the absence or presence of inhibitors (for 5 h) and SIN-1 (50 µmol/L, 30 min), fixed with 4% PFA and labelled with CHH (0.2 mmol/L, 2 h). (A) Images are representatives of three independent experiments performed in triplicates. Scale bars 25 µm. (B) Carbonylation levels (given in corrected total cell fluorescence, CTCF) were evaluated by CHH fluorescence microscopy and images were quantified with ImageJ. Data are shown as means ± SEM (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.001, *** p < 0.0001 vs. starved control; Mann-Whitney nonparametric t-test) of 100 cell images obtained from three independent experiments.