Table 4.
Predictors of severe wasting (WLZ < −3 SD) among infants aged less than 6 months in India for all birth weight and documented birth weight (NFHS‐4, 2015–2016)
| Variable | All birth weight (weighted N = 14, 012) | Documented birth weight (weighted N = 7, 705) |
|---|---|---|
| AOR (95%CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
| Place of residence | ||
| Urban | Reference | Reference |
| Rural | 0.90 (0.74–1.09) | 1.09 (0.85–1.40) |
| Caste | ||
| Others | Reference | Reference |
| Scheduled caste/tribes | 1.07 (0.84–1.37) | 1.18 (0.88–1.59) |
| Other backward class | 1.09 (0.86–1.37) | 1.24 (0.93–1.66) |
| Age | ||
| <19 | 0.87 (0.57–1.33) | 0.90 (0.55–1.48) |
| 19–30 | Reference | Reference |
| >30 | 1.13 (0.91–1.41) | 1.02 (0.78–1.33) |
| Maternal education | ||
| Secondary/higher | Reference | Reference |
| No education/primary education | 1.12 (0.98–1.29) | 1.17 (0.97–1.41) |
| BMI | ||
| Normal weight | Reference | Reference |
| Undernourished | 1.03 (0.86–1.24) | 1.01 (0.80–1.28) |
| Overweight and obese | 0.93 (0.72–1.19) | 0.97 (0.72–1.30) |
| Nutrition benefits from ICDS during lactation | ||
| Yes | Reference | Reference |
| No | 1.23 (1.05–1.43) | 1.36 (1.13–1.65) |
| Age of child (in months) | ||
| 0–1 | Reference | Reference |
| 2–3 | 0.78 (0.66–0.93) | 0.89 (0.72–1.09) |
| 4–5 | 0.65 (0.55–0.78) | 0.67 (0.53–0.84) |
| Gender | ||
| Male | Reference | Reference |
| Female | 0.94(0.82, 1.07) | 0.89 (0.74–1.06) |
| Birth weight | ||
| ≥2,500 g | Reference | Reference |
| <2,500 g | 1.40(1.19, 1.65) | 1.41 (1.12–1.77) |
| Breastfeeding status | ||
| Any breastfeeding | Reference | Reference |
| No breastfeeding | 1.23 (0.86–1.75) | 1.27 (0.79–2.03) |
| Had diarrhoea in 2 weeks preceding the survey | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 0.98(0.80, 1.21) | 0.94(0.71, 1.24) |
| Season of measurement | ||
| Winter | Reference | Reference |
| Summer | 1.37(1.13, 1.65) | 1.49(1.14, 1.95) |
| Monsoon | 1.53(1.20,1.95) | 1.71(1.23,2.37) |
Note. Model adjusted for state of residence (estimates not shown).
Abbreviations: 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; BMI: body mass index; ICDS: Integrated Child Development Services; NFHS‐4: National Family Health Survey–4; OR: odds ratio; SD: standard deviation; WLZ: weight for length.
a
All birth weight includes infants for whom birth weight was available on health card or based on mother's recall.
b
Documented birth weight includes only those infants for whom birth weight was available on health card.