TABLE 5.

Commercial molecular assays for the detection of bla_OXA-48-like and other genes

Test method (name)	blaOXA-48-like genes detected	Other genes detected	Reference
Real-time multiplex PCR, molecular beacon probe (Check-Direct CPE; Checkpoints, Wageningen, the Netherlands)	blaOXA-48, blaOXA-162, blaOXA-163, blaOXA-181, blaOXA-204, blaOXA-232, blaOXA-244, blaOXA-245, and blaOXA -370	blaKPC, blaNDM, and blaVIM (blaKPC/blaNDM signal cannot be differentiated)	292
Real-time multiplex PCR (EntericBio CPE; Serosep Limited, Limerick, Ireland)	Yes	blaKPC, blaGES, blaNDM, blaVIM, and blaIMP	293
Real-time multiplex PCR, hydrolysis probe (Amplidiag CarbaR+VRE; Mobidiag Limited, Espoo, Finland)	blaOXA-48, blaOXA-162, blaOXA-181, blaOXA-204, blaOXA-232, and blaOXA-244	blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, ISAba1-blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, 24/40, -58, vanA, and vanB	294
Real-time multiplex PCR, hydrolysis probe (Amplidiag CarbaR+MCR; Mobidiag Limited, Espoo, Finland)	blaOXA-48, blaOXA-162, blaOXA-181, blaOXA-204, blaOXA-232, and blaOXA-244	blaKPC, blaGES, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, ISAba1-blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA24/40, blaOXA-58, and mcr	295
Conventional PCR, DNA hybridization (AID carbapenemase line probe assay; Autoimmun Diagnostika GmbH, Strassberg, Germany)	Yes	blaKPC, blaIMI, blaNCM-A, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaSPM, blaBIC, blaAIM, blaGIM, blaSIM, and blaDIM	223
LAMP, Genie II platform (eazyplex SuperBug CRE; Amplex, Giessen, Germany)	blaOXA-48, blaOXA-162, blaOXA-204, and blaOXA-244; blaOXA-181 and blaOXA-232a	blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaCTX-M-1 group, and blaKCTX-M-9 group	297
Microarray (Check-MDR CT103 XL; Checkpoints, Wageningen, the Netherlands)	blaOXA-48, blaOXA-162, blaOXA-163, blaOXA-181, blaOXA-204, blaOXA-232, blaOXA-244, blaOXA-245, and blaOXA-370	blaKPC, blaGES, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaSPM, blaGIM, blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-24-like, blaOXA-58-like genes, ESBLs, and AmpCs	236

^aThese groups were separately detected in different tubes according to the manufacturer. The initial assay could not detect bla_OXA-181.