Table 1.
Patient Demographics and Pathologic Outcomes According to Preoperative Nutritional Status
| Parameter | Overall (n=154) | Group A (n=20) | Group B (n=92) | Group C (n=42) | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Total | A vs B | A vs C | B vs C | |||||
| Age, yr | 71.0±4.5 | 69.4±3.5 | 71.2±4.5 | 71.5±4.9 | 0.235 | 0.228 | 0.179 | 0.909 |
| Sex | 0.185 | 0.124 | 0.068 | 0.530 | ||||
| Male | 80 (51.9) | 14 (70.0) | 47 (51.1) | 19 (45.2) | ||||
| Female | 74 (48.1) | 6 (30.0) | 45 (48.9) | 23 (54.8) | ||||
| Preoperative diabetes mellitus | 46 (29.9) | 5 (25.0) | 29 (31.5) | 12 (28.6) | 0.828 | 0.565 | 0.768 | 0.731 |
| Preoperative BMI, kg/m2 | 23.0±2.9 | 25.6±2.4 | 23.4±2.6 | 21.1±2.8 | <0.001* | 0.003* | <0.001* | <0.001* |
| Transferrin, mg/dL | 217.8±47.8 | 223.5±31.8 | 223.3±49.8 | 203.9±47.4 | 0.103 | 0.998 | 0.212 | 0.123 |
| Prealbumin, mg/dL | 22.6±7.2 | 23.6±6.1 | 22.1±6.0 | 23.1±9.6 | 0.718 | 0.803 | 0.995 | 0.939 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.7±0.4 | 3.9±0.3 | 3.7±0.4 | 3.6±0.4 | 0.125 | 0.280 | 0.071 | 0.618 |
| Total protein, g/dL | 6.7±0.6 | 6.9±0.7 | 6.7±0.6 | 6.6±0.6 | 0.484 | 0.666 | 0.633 | 0.997 |
| Cognitive score | 86.0±17.1 | 91.7±10.3 | 86.6±17.4 | 82.1±18.1 | 0.127 | 0.281 | 0.078 | 0.456 |
| QOL score | 52.5±27.8 | 71.5±18.5 | 57.9±25.9 | 31.1±23.2 | <0.001* | 0.032* | <0.001* | <0.001* |
| Pancreas texture | 0.164 | 0.958 | 0.205 | 0.062 | ||||
| Soft | 112 (72.7) | 15 (75.0) | 68 (73.9) | 29 (69.0) | ||||
| Hard | 42 (27.3) | 5 (25.0) | 24 (26.1) | 13 (31.0) | ||||
| Intraoperative blood loss, mL | 350±266 | 326±150 | 349±305 | 364±214 | 0.519 | 0.629 | 0.422 | 0.733 |
| Operation time, min | 305±90 | 337±79 | 302±97 | 298±76 | 0.244 | 0.097 | 0.081 | 0.832 |
| Main pancreatic duct diameter, mm | 0.164 | 0.920 | 0.632 | 0.560 | ||||
| ≥3 | 91 (59.1) | 11 (55.0) | 50 (54.3) | 30 (71.4) | ||||
| <3 | 63 (40.9) | 9 (45.0) | 42 (45.7) | 12 (28.6) | ||||
| Operation | 0.555 | 0.309 | 0.280 | 0.845 | ||||
| Pancreatoduodenectomy | 19 (12.3) | 1 (5.0) | 12 (13.0) | 6 (14.3) | ||||
| Pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy | 135 (87.7) | 19 (95.0) | 80 (87.0) | 36 (85.7) | ||||
| Location | 0.681 | 0.534 | 0.502 | 0.734 | ||||
| Pancreas | 65 (42.2) | 10 (50.0) | 40 (43.5) | 15 (35.7) | ||||
| Common bile duct | 48 (31.2) | 4 (20.0) | 28 (30.4) | 16 (38.1) | ||||
| Ampulla of Vater | 38 (24.7) | 5 (25.0) | 23 (25.0) | 10 (23.8) | ||||
| Duodenum | 3 (1.9) | 1 (5.0) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (2.4) | ||||
| Malignancy | 0.075 | 0.065 | 0.078 | 0.817 | ||||
| Benign | 32 (20.8) | 8 (40.0) | 16 (17.4) | 8 (19.0) | ||||
| Malignant | 122 (79.2) | 12 (60.0) | 76 (82.6) | 34 (81.0) | ||||
| Stage | 122 (100) | 12 (100) | 76 (100) | 34 (100) | 0.997 | 0.285 | 0.685 | 0.836 |
| I | 36 (23.4) | 4 (33.3) | 22 (28.9) | 10 (29.4) | ||||
| II | 83 (53.9) | 7 (58.3) | 53 (69.7) | 23 (67.6) | ||||
| III | 3 (1.9) | 1 (8.3) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (2.9) | ||||
Data are presented as the mean±SD or number (%). Group A, well-nourished; group B, at-risk-of-malnutrition; group C, malnourished.
BMI, body mass index; QOL, quality of life.
*
Significantly different.