Table 3.
Multivariable model for infant serum 25OHD concentrations and adjusted prevalence of 25OHD insufficiency
| Characteristic | n | β ng mL−1 (95% CI) | Adjusted prevalence % (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <20 ng mL−1 (n = 9) | <30 ng mL−1 (n = 32) | |||
| Infant vitamin D supplement (μg d−1) † | ||||
| 0–<10 | 23 | Referent | 22 (8–47) | 61 (38–80) |
| ≥10 | 42 | 9.4 (3.3, 15.5) § , ¶ | 5 (1–18) § | 36 (22–53) |
| Group † | ||||
| Asian immigrant* | 28 | Referent | 9 (2–30) | 43 (24–64) |
| White non‐immigrant | 37 | 0.2 (−6.2, 6.5) | 13 (4–33) | 54 (35–72) |
| Season † | ||||
| October to March | 21 | Referent | 9 (2–33) | 38 (19–61) |
| April to September | 44 | −4.6 (−11.0, 1.9) | 12 (4–30) | 59 (41–75) |
| Maternal 25OHD, per 1 ng mL−1 increase † | 65 | 0.12 (−0.04, 0.28) | – | – |
| Infant age (week) † | 65 | 0.04 (−0.72, 0.76) | – | – |
| Infant upper inner arm ITA°, per 10° increase ‡ | 65 | 0.16 (−0.12, 0.48) | – | – |
25OHD, 25‐hydroxyvitamin D; CI, confidence interval. *Chinese (n = 16), Indian (n = 2), Pakistani (n = 1), Filipino (n = 3), Iranian (n = 6). †Adjusted for variables other than infant upper inner arm ITA°. ‡Adjusted for variables other than Group. §Significantly different from the 0–<10 μg d−1 category (P < 0.05). ¶Mean (95% CI) 25OHD of infants supplemented with ≥10 and <10 μg d−1 were 35.2 (31.5–39.0) and 25.9 (21.0–30.8) ng mL−1, respectively.