Table 3.
Effect of fortified wheat flour chapatti on serum retinol (SR), serum ferritin (SF), serum transferrin receptor (STfR) and haemoglobin concentrations at 3‐ and 6‐month interval
| Interval | SR concentration* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 143) Mean ± SE (μmol L−1) | Intervention (n = 191) Mean ± SE (μmol L−1) | Intervention effect (95% CI), (μmol L−1) † | Estimated intracluster correlation coefficient † | P‐value | |
| 3 months | 1.04 ± 0.03 | 1.07 ± 0.02 | 0.04 (−0.02, 0.12) | 0.07 | 0.23 |
| 6 months* | 0.94 ± 0.02 | 1.06 ± 0.02 | 0.12 (0.06, 0.19) | 0.13 | 0.00 |
| Interval | SF concentration | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 143) Mean ± SE (g L−1) | Intervention (n = 191) Mean ± SE (μg L−1) | Intervention effect (95% CI) (μg L−1) † | Estimated intracluster correlation coefficient † | P‐value | |
| 3 months | 44.0 ± 2.14 | 44.8 ± 2.4 | −1.42 (−7.0, 4.1) | 0 | 0.62 |
| 6 month | 45.6 ± 2.5 | 47.9 ± 2.3 | 0.12 (−5.8, 6.0) | 0.02 | 0.97 |
| Interval | STfR concentration | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 143) Mean ± SE (mg L−1) | Intervention (n = 191) Mean ± SE (mg L−1) | Intervention effect (95% CI), (mg L−1) † | Estimated intracluster correlation coefficient † | P‐value | |
| 3 months | 3.86 ± 0.09 | 3.84 ± 0.09 | 0.07 (−0.22, 0.35) | 0.18 | 0.64 |
| 6 months | 3.84 ± 0.1 | 3.79 ± 0.07 | −0.01 (−0.15, 0.13) | 0 | 0.89 |
| Interval | Haemoglobin concentration | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 143) Mean ± SE (g dL−1) | Intervention (n = 191) Mean ± SE (g dL−1) | Intervention effect (95% CI) (g dL−1) † | Estimated intracluster correlation coefficient † | P‐value | |
| 3 months | 12.1 ± 0.07 | 12.1 ± 0.07 | −0.04 (−0.18, 0.11) | 0 | 0.62 |
| 6 months | 12.3 ± 0.08 | 12.3 ± 0.07 | −0.16 (−0.4, 0.08) | 0.2 | 0.2 |
CI, confidence interval. *Primary outcome. †Mixed‐model linear regression analyses with cluster (bari) as random effects, adjusted for age, sex and baseline value of the outcome.