Table 3.
Summary of associations of breastfeeding with having reached a good level of overall achievement
| Participants (n = 5489) | n (%) having reached good level of overall achievement | RR (rate ratio, compared to never breastfed children) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted RR (95% CI) | P | Minimum adjusted* RR (95% CI) | P | Fully adjusted † RR (95% CI) | P | ||
| Never breastfed (n = 1691) | 629 (37.2) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |||
| Breastfed for: | |||||||
| <2.0 months (n = 1460) | 711 (48.7) | 1.28 (1.18, 1 38) | <0.0001 | 1.13 (1.04, 1.22) | 0.003 | 1.09 (1.01, 1.19) | 0.028 |
| 2.0–3.9 months (n = 571) | 318 (55.7) | 1.47 (1.34, 1.61) | <0.0001 | 1.20 (1.09, 1.32) | <0.0001 | 1.17 (1.07, 1.29) | 0.001 |
| ≥4.0 months (n = 1767) | 1055 (59.7) | 1.57 (1.44, 1.69) | <0.0001 | 1.18 (1.09, 1.28) | <0.0001 | 1.16 (1.07, 1.26) | <0.0001 |
| Exclusively breastfed for: | |||||||
| <2.0 months (n = 1973) | 1018 (51.6) | 1.36 (1.25, 1.46) | <0.0001 | 1.15 (1.07, 1.24) | <0.0001 | 1.12 (1.04, 1.21) | 0.004 |
| 2.0–3.9 months (n = 941) | 533 (56.6) | 1.46 (1.34, 1.60) | <0.0001 | 1.15 (1.06, 1.26) | 0.001 | 1.13 (1.04, 1.22) | 0.005 |
| ≥4.0 months (n = 884) | 533 (60.3) | 1.60 (1.47, 1.75) | <0.0001 | 1.19 (1.10, 1.30) | <0.0001 | 1.18 (1.08, 1.28) | <0.0001 |
CI, confidence interval. *Adjusted for mother's education (categories: NVQ 4 + 5 or equivalent, NVQ 3 or equivalent, NVQ 1 + 2 or equivalent, other), household SEP (categories: managerial/professional, intermediate, routine/manual, never worked/unemployed), Malaise scale (quintiles), Kessler scale (quintiles), mother's age (categories: < 20, 20–24, 25–29, 30–34 and 35+), mother's smoking during pregnancy: (yes vs. no), mother's relationship status (single parent vs. not single parent), baby admitted to a neonatal unit (yes/no). †Adjusted for all covariates in the minimum‐adjusted models + mother reads to child everyday (yes vs. no), type of child care (formal, informal, none), age when the child started attending child care (continuous, months) and mother's number of other children (1, 2 and 3+).