Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics and pre-test assessment scores by group.
| Parameters | Control group (n=31) | Training group (n=37) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | Median (Q1–Q3) | 24 (23–26) | 23 (22–25) | 0.021 |
| BBN experiencxe | n (%) | 0.442 | ||
| None | 23 (74.2%) | 31 (83.8%) | ||
| Occasional (1–2 times a week) | 7 (22.6%) | 6 (16.2%) | ||
| Frequent (4–5 times a week) | 1 (3.2%) | 0 | ||
| Study year3 | n (%) | < 0.0012 | ||
| Second-year medical student | 8 (25.8%) | 25 (67.6%) | ||
| Third-year medical student | 14 (45.2%) | 3 (8.1%) | ||
| Fourth-year medical student | 5 (16.1%) | 4 (10.8%) | ||
| EM resident | 4 (12.9%) | 5 (13.5%) | ||
| Training before BBN | n (%) | |||
| No | 31 (100%) | 37 (100%) | ||
| Self-efficacy | Median (Q1–Q3) | 1.50 (0.79–1.85) | 1.46 (0.96 – 2.00) | 0.741 |
| SPIKES competence form | Median (Q1–Q3) | 10 (9–12) | 8 (7–11) | 0.031 |
| mBAS | Median (Q1–Q3) | 15 (14–18) | 17 (16–18) | 0.021 |
BBN, breaking bad news; mBAS, modified Breaking Bad News Assessment Schedule: items are reversed, from 1 (very good) to 5 (very poor); SPIKES, Setting, Perception, Invitation, Knowledge, Emotions and Summary; EM, emergency medicine.
1
Mann-Whitney U test;
2
Fisher’s exact test;
3
Study year is classified by increasing order: the lowest level is second year and the highest is emergency medicine resident.