Table 2.
Demographic and lifestyle characteristics of mothers and infants. Cambodian Demographic and Health Surveys 2000 and 2005
| Characteristic (n: 2000; 2005) | 2000 | 2005 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean % (SEM) | n | Mean % (SEM) | n | |||
| Infant gender (3027; 3112) | ||||||
| Male (%) | 50.9 | (0.91) | 1438 | 50.1 | (0.90) | 1490 |
| Female (%) | 49.1 | (0.91) | 1390 | 49.9 | (0.90) | 1487 |
| Average maternal age (years) (3027; 3112) | 29.6 | 0.12 | 28.4 † | 0.12 | ||
| Mother's education (3027; 3112) | ||||||
| None (%) | 32.1 | (0.85) | 908 | 22.5 † | (0.75) | 671 |
| Primary (%) | 53.1 | (0.91) | 1502 | 59.6 † | (0.88) | 1775 |
| Secondary or higher (%) | 14.8 | (0.65) | 418 | 17.8 † | (0.68) | 531 |
| Mother working (3027; 3112) | ||||||
| Mother works (%) | 78.7 | (0.75) | 2222 | 99.6 † | (0.11) | 2956 |
| Mother works outside home (%) | 19.4 | (0.81) | 431 | 17.7 | (0.80) | 386 |
| Mother's BMI (1491; 1508) | ||||||
| Mother's mean BMI | 20.4 | 0.06 | 20.7* | 0.07 | ||
| Healthy pregnancy index (children 0–5 months) (420; 342) | ||||||
| Mothers with BMI > 18.5 (%) | 86.5 | (1.67) | 332 | 83.1 | (2.03) | 261 |
| Mothers with height > 150 cm | 71.9 | (2.20) | 277 | 65.6 | (2.57) | 206 |
| Antenatal care (%) | 2.6 | (0.77) | 10 | 75.5 † | (2.33) | 237 |
| Tetanus injection (%) | 51.7 | (2.44) | 199 | 77.9 † | (2.25) | 244 |
| Iron supplement (%) | 30.6 | (2.25) | 118 | 71.0 † | (2.46) | 223 |
| No night blindness (%) | 89.7 | (1.48) | 345 | 92.2 | (1.46) | 289 |
| Assistance at birth (%) | 2.3 | (0.73) | 9 | 53.8 † | (2.70) | 169 |
| Mean total index score | 3.4 | (0.06) | 5.2 † | (0.08) | ||
| Asset index (3027; 3112) | ||||||
| Quintile 1 | 25.9 | (0.80) | 733 | 26.4 | (0.79) | 786 |
| Quintile 2 | 22.8 | (0.76) | 644 | 21.7 | (0.74) | 647 |
| Quintile 3 | 19.2 | (0.72) | 542 | 18.4 | (0.69) | 546 |
| Quintile 4 | 19.2 | (0.72) | 542 | 16.2 † | (0.66) | 483 |
| Quintile 5 | 12.9 | (0.61) | 366 | 17.3 † | (0.68) | 514 |
SEM, standard error of the mean; BMI, body mass index (kg m2). Analyses are based on the most recent living birth and include infants age 0–23 months or other age groups as specified. *Statistically significant at P < 0.05. †Statistically significant at P < 0.01.