Table 1.

The proportion of women who consumed alcohol or tobacco in each category of demographic and maternal characteristics (n = 318) ^a .

	n	Alcohol consumption (Yes) b % (95% CI) n	Tobacco consumption (Yes) c % (95% CI) n
Age (years) d	314
≤25	54	76 (62–86) 41	54 (40–67) 29 h
26–35	196	69 (66–75) 135	20 (14–26) 39
>35	64	78 (66–87) 50	5 (1–13) 3
Ethnicity	317
Caucasian	279	72 (67–78) 202	22 (17–27) 60
Non‐Caucasian	38	66 (49–80) 25	32 (17–49) 12
Household income e	276
Low (1–20 000)	40	60 (43–75) 24	35 (21–52) 14 h
Middle (20 001–50 000)	151	66 (68–73) 100	23 (16–30) 34
High (50 0001+)	85	85 (75–92) 72 h	8 (3–16) 7
Education	317
University	69	80 (68–88) 55 h	3 (0–10) 2 i
Polytechnic	73	84 (73–91) 61	19 (11–30) 14
Secondary school	175	63 (56–71) 111	32 (25–40) 56
Marital status f	316
Permanent	280	73 (67–78) 203	21 (16–26) 58
Non‐permanent	36	64 (46–79) 23	39 (23–56) 14 i
Maternal status g	310
Neither pregnant nor breastfeeding	197	80 (74–85) 158 h	27 (21–34) 53
Pregnant	34	38 (22–56) 13	27 (13–44) 9
Breastfeeding	79	66 (54–76) 52	13 (6–22) 10 i
All	317 a	72 (66–76) 227	23 (18–28) 72

^a Data missing for one woman.

^{b b} Includes women who smoked and otherwise.

^{c c} Includes women who drank alcohol and otherwise.

^{d d} Three women did not state their age.

^e Data missing for four women; 20 women stated ‘Don’t know’, and 17 women did not want to reveal their income status.

^{f f} Data missing for one woman.

^{g g} Seven women who were both pregnant and breastfeeding were not included.

^h Chi‐squared analysis; significantly higher than the other categories within the same alcohol or tobacco groups; P ≤ 0.05.

ⁱ Chi‐squared analysis; significantly lower than the other groups within the same alcohol or tobacco groups; P ≤ 0.05.