Table 1.

Risk factors and odds ratio for HCC in direct-acting antiviral (DAA) combination-treated patients [29, 32, 34, 35]

Risk factors for HCC	Odds ratio (95% CI), n, p value [Refs.]
Cirrhosis	4.73 (3.34–6.68), total n = 19,581, HCC (n, cirrhosis, yes/no = 139/44), < 0.0001 [29]
Previous HCC history	2.64 (0.90–7.74), total n = 864, HCC (n, previous HCC history, yes/no = 24/17), 0.075 [32]
Male gender	2.63 (0.65–10), total n = 19,581, HCC (n, male, yes/no = 181/2), 0.17 [29] 2.09 (0.73–5.98), total n = 864, HCC (n, male, yes/no = 26/15), 0.167 [32] 1.49 (0.91–2.44), total n = 2249, HCC (n, male, yes/no = 55/23), 0.11 [35]
Alcohol abuse	1.56 (1.11–2.18), total n = 19,581, HCC (n, alcohol, yes/no = 124/59), 0.01 [29]
Older age	1.30 (0.96–1.76), total n = 19,581, HCC (n, >=65, yes/no = 71/112), 0.08 [29]
Diabetes mellitus	1.28 (0.92–1.78), total n = 19,581, HCC (n, diabetes, yes/no = 96/87), 0.13 [29]
Drug use	1.27 (0.91–1.75), total n = 19,581, HCC (n, drug, yes/no = 91/92), 0.15 [29]
Bilirubin	1.25 (0.97–1.62), total n = 2249, HCC (n = 78), 0.08 [35]
Low albumin	1.92 (1.16–3.22), total n = 2249, HCC (n = 78), 0.010 [35]
EOT-AFP (=>9 ng/mL)	1.19 (1.07–1.34), total n = 1523, HCC (n = 20), 0.0027 [34]
Low platelet count	1.01 (1.01–1.02), total n = 2249, HCC (n = 78), 0.011 [35]

AFP α-fetoprotein, EOT end of treatment, n number