Table 3.
Estimated lengths of stay in hospital among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on patient-, hospital-, and treatment-related factors
| Parameter | Coefficient estimate (SE) | Exponential estimatea | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Insurance (vs medicare) | |||
| Medicaid | 0.09 (0.04) | 1.09 | 0.0126 |
| Managed care | − 0.05 (0.03) | 0.96 | 0.0955 |
| Commercial | − 0.06 (0.05) | 0.94 | 0.2095 |
| Other | − 0.07 (0.04) | 0.93 | 0.0839 |
| Region (vs South) | |||
| Northeast | 0.03 (0.03) | 1.03 | 0.3201 |
| West | − 0.08 (0.02) | 0.93 | 0.0005 |
| Midwest | − 0.12 (0.02) | 0.89 | < 0.0001 |
| Rural hospital (vs urban) | − 0.09 (0.03) | 0.91 | 0.0001 |
| Teaching hospital (vs non-teaching) | 0.08 (0.02) | 1.08 | < 0.0001 |
| Attending physician specialty (vs pulmonologist) | |||
| Family medicine | 0.06 (0.04) | 1.06 | 0.1143 |
| Other | 0.05 (0.04) | 1.05 | 0.1350 |
| Internal medicine/hospitalist | − 0.02 (0.03) | 0.98 | 0.5595 |
| Critical care/intensivist | − 0.29 (0.06) | 0.75 | < 0.0001 |
| Concurrent diagnoses | |||
| Pneumothorax | 0.40 (0.04) | 1.49 | < 0.0001 |
| Malnutrition | 0.32 (0.03) | 1.37 | < 0.0001 |
| Diverticulosis | 0.17 (0.04) | 1.19 | < 0.0001 |
| Renal failure | 0.17 (0.02) | 1.18 | < 0.0001 |
| Pneumonia | 0.14 (0.02) | 1.15 | < 0.0001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 0.14 (0.03) | 1.15 | < 0.0001 |
| Acute heart failure | 0.07 (0.02) | 1.07 | 0.0029 |
| Interventions | |||
| Mycophenolate | 0.34 (0.06) | 1.40 | < 0.0001 |
| Admission to ICU | 0.28 (0.02) | 1.32 | < 0.0001 |
| Bronchoscopy | 0.28 (0.03) | 1.32 | < 0.0001 |
| Diuretic | 0.25 (0.02) | 1.29 | < 0.0001 |
| Intravenous antibiotic | 0.25 (0.02) | 1.28 | < 0.0001 |
| Lung biopsy | 0.20 (0.04) | 1.23 | < 0.0001 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 0.20 (0.03) | 1.22 | < 0.0001 |
| Oral antibiotic | 0.20 (0.04) | 1.22 | < 0.0001 |
| Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor | 0.19 (0.05) | 1.21 | < 0.0001 |
| Opioid | 0.18 (0.02) | 1.20 | < 0.0001 |
| Surgery | 0.18 (0.04) | 1.20 | < 0.0001 |
| Anticoagulant | 0.14 (0.02) | 1.15 | < 0.0001 |
| Chest HRCT | 0.14 (0.02) | 1.15 | < 0.0001 |
| Intravenous steroid | 0.14 (0.02) | 1.15 | < 0.0001 |
| Oral steroid | 0.11 (0.02) | 1.12 | < 0.0001 |
| Proton pump inhibitor | 0.11 (0.02) | 1.11 | < 0.0001 |
| Heparin | 0.10 (0.02) | 1.10 | < 0.0001 |
| Echocardiogram | 0.09 (0.02) | 1.09 | 0.0004 |
| Prior admission (within past 365 days) | 0.08 (0.02) | 1.08 | < 0.0001 |
HRCT high-resolution computed tomography, ICU intensive care unit
aEstimated length of stay relative to the reference group