Table 3.
Path models predicting mid-adolescent attachment to parents and past year alcohol use and young adult AUDIT scores.
| Association estimated | Standardized estimate | Unstandardized estimate (SE) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| G9 Attachment predicted by G7-G8: | |||
| Low family conflict | .097*** | .023 | .032 |
| Family management | – .032 | .028 | .264 |
| Family opportunities for prosocial behavior | .440*** | .025 | <.0001 |
| Parent attitudes favorable toward drug use | .024 | .076 | |
| Sibling alcohol use (referent: no use) | – 0.15 | .023 | .513 |
| Family socioeconomic status^ | – .027 | .022 | .234 |
| Female (referent: male)^ | – .119*** | .022 | <.0001 |
| Age (years)^ | – .027 | .021 | .182 |
| Accommodation transitions (referent: no transitions)^ | – .006 | .020 | .779 |
| Victoria (referent: Washington State)^ | .017 | 023 | .462 |
| G9 Past year alcohol use predicted by G7-G8: | |||
| Low family conflict | – .067* | .031 | .031 |
| Family management | – .176*** | .039 | <.0001 |
| Family opportunities for prosocial behavior | – .008 | .038 | .822 |
| Parent attitudes favorable toward drug use | .238*** | .033 | <.0001 |
| Sibling alcohol use (referent: no use) | .205*** | .027 | <.0001 |
| Family socioeconomic status^ | – .006 | .028 | .845 |
| Female (referent: male)^ | .038 | .028 | .171 |
| Age (years)^ | .003 | .026 | .919 |
| Accommodation transitions (referent: no transitions)^ | .032 | .027 | .247 |
| Victoria (referent: Washington State)^ | .198*** | .029 | <.0001 |
| Age 25 AUDIT predicted by G9: | |||
| Attachment | – .028 | .036 | .436 |
| Past year alcohol use | .177*** | .051 | <.0001 |
| Family socioeconomic status^ | .037 | .033 | .266 |
| Female (referent: male)^ | – .238*** | .034 | <.0001 |
| Age (years)^ | .014 | .037 | .697 |
| Accommodation transitions (referent: no transitions)^ | – .007 | .034 | .835 |
| Victoria (referent: Washington State)^ | .141*** | .040 | <.0001 |
| Correlations specified in the model: | |||
| G9 Attachment with G9 Past year alcohol use | – .104** | .032 | .001 |
G7 = Grade 7, G8 = Grade 8, G9 = Grade 9. Correlations among exogenous G7-G8 early adolescent family environment characteristics and demographic variables are not estimated in the model; the observed correlations between these variables are taken into account by Mplus. SE = standard error. ^Demographic factors measured at G7. Female (coded 0 = male, 1 = female); Victoria (coded 0 = Washington State, 1 = Victoria); Accommodation transitions (coded 0 = no transitions, 1 = transitions); Sibling alcohol use (coded 0 = no use, 1 = recent use); Past year alcohol use (coded 0 = no use, 1 = recent use). Statistically significant results indicated with asterisks: *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.