Table II.
Risk factors associated with the presence of autoimmune disease.
| Variables | Celiac Disease without Autoimmune Disease | Celiac Disease with Autoimmune Disease | Total | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years ± SS) | 35.9±12.07 | 34.9±10.7 | 35.6±10.6 | 0.57 |
| Onset age of the disease (years) | 30±11.7 | 27±10.4 | 29.1±6.5 | 0.09 |
| Onset age of the disease (years) | ||||
| <40 years of age | 119 (75.3%) | 63 (87.5%) | 182 (79.2%) | 0.035* |
| ≥40 years of age | 39 (24.7%) | 9 (12.5%) | 48 (20.8%) | |
| Disease duration (years) | 5.92±4.3 | 7.92±5 | 6.55±4.6 | 0.002* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22±4 | 22.4±3.9 | 22.1±4.1 | 0.49 |
| Waist/hip rate | ||||
| Below the limit | 127 (80.4%) | 57 (79.2%) | 184 (80%) | 0.83 |
| Above the limit | 31 (19.6%) | 15 (20.8%) | 46 (20%) | |
| Disease stage | ||||
| Mild (Stage 2-3a) | 74 (46.8%) | 27(37.5%) | 101(43.9%) | 0.18 |
| Severe (Stage 3b,3c,4) | 84 (53.2%) | 45(62.5%) | 129 (56.1%) | |
| Dietary Compliance | ||||
| Strict | 90 (57%) | 32 (44.4%) | 122 (53.1%) | 0.078 |
| None | 68 (43%) | 40(55.6%) | 108 (46.9%) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 112(70.9%) | 60(83.3%) | 172 (74.7%) | 0.044* |
| Male | 46 (29.1%) | 12(16.7%) | 58 (25.3%) | |
| Immunologic Remission | ||||
| Yes | 70 (44.3%) | 38 (52.8%) | 108 (46.9%) | 0.23 |
| No | 88 (55.7%) | 34 (47.2%) | 122 (53.1%) | |
| Family History | ||||
| Yes | 39 (24.7%) | 11 (15.3%) | 50 (21.7%) | 0.10 |
| No | 119 (75.3%) | 61(84.7%) | 180 (78.3%) | |
| Educational Status | ||||
| Illiterate | 30 (19%) | 16 (22.2%) | 46 (20%) | 0.38 |
| Primary Education | 87(55.1%) | 37 (51.4%) | 124 (53.9%) | |
| High School and over | 41(25.9%) | 19 (26.4%) | 60 (26.1%) | |
| Marital Status | ||||
| Married | 114 (72.2%) | 50 (69.4%) | 164 (71.3%) | 0.67 |
| Single | 44 (27.8%) | 22 (30.6%) | 66 (28.7%) | |
| Working Status | ||||
| Working | 41 (25.9%) | 9 (12.5%) | 50 (21.7%) | 0.022* |
| Unemployed | 117 (74.1%) | 63 (87.5%) | 180(78.3%) | |
| Smoking Status | ||||
| Smoking | 26 (16.5%) | 18 (25%) | 44 (19.1%) | 0.20 |
| Non-smoking | 116 (73.4%) | 50(69.4%) | 166 (72.2%) | |
| Quit | 16 (10.1%) | 4(5.6%) | 20 (8.7%) | |
| Complaints at First Admission | ||||
| GIS symptoms | 125 (79.1%) | 47 (65.3%) | 172 (74.8%) | 0.025* |
| Non-GIS symptoms | 33(20.9%) | 25 (34.7%) | 58 (25.2%) |
BMI: Body Mass Index, GIS: Gastrointestinal System
*
Statistically significant (p<0.05)