. 2019 Nov 12;24:102088. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102088

Table 3.

Neuropsychological data.

Items	WMH I	WMH II	WMH III	p-value
Globe cognitive function
MMSE	29.00(2.00)	28.00(2.00)	28.00(2.00)^a	<0.001*
MoCA	27.00(3.00)	25.00(5.00)^a	24.00(6.00)^a	<0.001*
Processing speed
TMT A(s)	41.00(20.00)	59.58±20.36^a	65.00(26.00)^a	<0.001*
Stroop B(s)	19.50(8.00)	21.00(9.00)	25.45±7.69^a	0.007*
Z score	−0.29±0.65	0.13±0.84^a	0.48±0.87^a	<0.001*
Executive function
TMT B-A(s)	31.00(28.00)	52.00(57.00)^a	72.50(67.00)^a	<0.001*
Stroop C-B(s)	11.00(11.00)	11.00(14.00)	15.50±10.22	0.492
Z score	−0.25±0.45	0.16±0.85^a	0.36±0.87^a	<0.001*
Episodic memory
AVLT-LDR	5.38±2.23	5.00(4.00)^a	3.00(3.00)^a	0.001*
VR-DR..	10.00(4.00)	7.26±3.46^a	6.90±4.38^a	<0.001*
Z score	0.36±0.74	−0.27±0.64^a	−0.47±0.73^a	<0.001*
Language
BNT	54.50(7.00)	53.00(9.00)^a	49.70±5.94^a	0.005*
CVF	18.41±4.42	17.00(4.00)	16.65±3.83	0.063
Z score	0.24±0.76	−0.18±0.79^a	−0.31±0.82^a	0.004*
Visual spatial function
VR copy	14.00(0.00)	14.00(0.00)	14.00(0.00)	0.071
CDT	4.00(0.00)	4.00(0.00)	4.00(0.00)	0.731
Z score	0.32(0.00)	0.32(0.48)	0.32(0.00)	0.552

Note: Values with normal distribution are presented as the mean ± stand deviation (SD); Values with non-normal distribution are presented as median(interquartile). One-way ANOVA was applied in the comparisons of Z scores in processing speed, executive function, episodic memory, language; independent nonparametric test was applied in the other comparisons. *: p<0.05; a: p<0.05 differ from WMH I; b: p<0.05 differ from WMH II. Abbreviations: WMH, white matter hyperintensity; MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; TMT, Trail-Making Test; AVLT-LDR, Audio Verbal Learning Test long-term delayed recall; VR-DR.., Visual Reproduction delayed recall; BNT, Boston Naming Test; CVF, Category Verbal Fluency; CDT, Clock- Drawing Task.