Table 3.

GSW Encounter Hospital Cost Characteristics Before and After Policing Changes.

	Before (n = 13)	After (n = 19)	Entire Population (n = 32)	p-value
Direct Costs
Quarterly, mean (SD)*	$ 436,009 ($186,650)	$ 281,676 ($112,341)	$ 344,374 ($163,537)	0.016
Total	$ 5,899,875	$ 5,351,838	$ 11,251,713
Indirect Costs
Quarterly, mean (SD)*	$ 374,196 ($139,650)	$ 274,881 ($110,566)	$ 315,227 ($130,780)	0.032
Total	$ 5,235,784	$ 5,222,731	$ 10,458,515
Total Costs
Quarterly, mean (SD)*	$ 810,205 ($321,984)	$ 556,556 ($219,280)	$ 659,601 ($289,950)	0.023
Total	$11,135,659	$10,574,568	$21,710,227
Public Costs
Quarterly, mean (SD)*	$ 687,494 ($303,307)	$ 425,963 ($208,447)	$ 532,210 ($279,054)	0.007
Total	$ 9,920,262	$ 8,093,289	$ 18,013,551
Private Costs
Quarterly, mean (SD)*	$ 54,881.09 ($76,253)	$ 97,488 ($107,512)	$ 80,179 ($97,027)	0.228
Total	$ 713,454.17	$1,852,277.00	$ 2,565,731
Uninsured Costs
Quarterly, mean (SD)*	$ 38,611.04 ($27,127)	$ 17,864 ($12,831)	$ 26,292 ($22,082)	0.021
Total	$ 501,943.50	$339,407.00	$ 841,351

(*)Denotes windsorized variable used.