Different changes of hippocampus volume between MSZ group and DSZ group. * represents that repeated measured ANOVA showed a significant interaction effect between the treatment strategy (MSZ vs. DSZ) and the time (t1 vs. t2) in bilateral hippocampal whole volumes and certain subfields. Abbreviation: MSZ, schizophrenia patients treated by ECT; DSZ, schizophrenia patients treated by antipsychotic drugs; CA, cornu ammonis area; GC-ML-DG, granular cells layer of the dentate gyrus; HATA, hippocampus-amygdala transition area.