. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Clin Neurosci. 2019 Jul 19;70:1–10. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.07.001

Table 1: Pharmacological agents used to treat TBI, their provider, and their potential side-effects.

Stages of brain injury in military personnel and pharmacological interventions thought to be effective against TBI-related comorbidities. Outlined are the benefits of current interventions, their side effects and how TBI polypharmacy, particularly at high dosages, may prevent the recovery of cognitive capacities.

Condition	Drug	Manufacturer	Side effects
elevated ICP	indomethacin	Merck & Co.	dizziness, fatigue, vertigo, negative renal function (Harrigan, Tuteja et al. 1997)
insomnia	benzodiazepine	Roche	dizziness, nausea, headache, non-verbal visual memory impairment (Barker, Greenwood et al. 2004)
insomnia	prazosin	Pfizer	dizziness, weakness, nausea (Koola, Varghese et al. 2014)
hypersomnia	modafinil	Teva Pharmaceutical	headache, nausea (167)
PTE	phenytoin	Pfizer	poor cognitive recovery (Bhullar, Johnson et al. 2014)
emotional dysregulation	fluoxetine	Eli Lily	delusions, aggression and suicidal ideation (168)
emotional dysregulation	methylphenidate	Novartis	insomnia, decreased appetite, headache (169)