Table 2.
Weighted mean and unadjusted and adjusted mean differences in job insecurity between Australia-born and migrant workers (n = 9043).
| Migrant Status | Mean (SE®) | Unadjusted | Adjusted ‡ (Educational Attainment) | Adjusted ∆ (Occupational Skill Level) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | |||
| Exposure 1: Based on COB ѱ |
Australia-born | 8.49 (0.06) | -- | -- | -- | |||
| Overseas-born | 9.09 (0.15) | 0.45 *** | 0.25; 0.65 | 0.44 *** | 0.24; 0.65 | 0.42 *** | 0.22; 0.62 | |
| Exposure 2: Based on COB ѱ and dominant language of COB |
Australia-born | 8.49 (0.06) | -- | -- | -- | |||
| Main-ESC-born † | 8.96 (0.20) | 0.18 | -0.10; 0.46 | 0.10 | −0.18; 0.38 | 0.11 | −0.18; 0.39 | |
| Non-ESC-born † | 9.19 (0.18) | 0.69 *** | 0.42; 0.95 | 0.74 *** | 0.48; 1.01 | 0.68 *** | 0.42; 0.95 | |
| Exposure 3: Based on COB ѱ and years since arrival in Australia |
Australia-born | 8.49 (0.06) | -- | -- | -- | |||
| Arrived ≤5 years ago | 10.03 (0.37) | 1.52 *** | 0.90; 2.13 | 1.76 *** | 1.14; 2.38 | 1.66 *** | 1.05; 2.27 | |
| Arrived 6–10 years ago | 9.47 (0.30) | 0.83 ** | 0.29; 1.37 | 0.96 *** | 0.42; 1.50 | 0.90 ** | 0.36; 1.43 | |
| Arrived ≥11 years ago | 8.79 (0.17) | 0.26 * | 0.04; 0.49 | 0.20 | −0.03; 0.43 | 0.19 | −0.04; 0.41 | |
COB ѱ: Country of birth; † main-ESC-born: Born in a main-English speaking country; non-ESC-born: Born in a non-English speaking country; SE®: Standard error was calculated after weights. Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey (HILDA) User Manual-Release 14 (Summerfield et al. 2015) provided wave 14 cross-sectional weights that were used for data users; ‡ This fully adjusted model adjusted for gender, age, and educational attainment, simultaneously; ∆ this fully adjusted model adjusted for gender, age, and occupational skill level, simultaneously. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.