ACh	Acetylcholine
ACTH	Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
AKI	Acute kidney injury
Ang	Angiopoietin
AP-1	Adaptor protein 1
APC	Activated protein C
ATF6	Activating transcription factor 6
AVP	Arginine vasopressin
C3	Complement protein 3
C5a	Complement component 5a
CAP	Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
CHOP	CEBP homologous protein
CLP	Cecal ligation and puncture
CLRs	C-type lectin receptors
Cpb1	Carboxypeptidase b1
CRP	C-reaction protein
DAMPs	Damage-associated molecular patterns
DCs	Dendritic cells
DIC	Disseminated intravascular coagulation
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum
ERK1/2	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2
ETC	Electron transfer chain
FcγR1	Fc-γ receptor-1
G-CSF	The cytokines granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
GM-CSF	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
GRP94	Glucose-regulated protein 94
HMGB-1	High-mobility group box-1
HPA	Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
IL-1	Interleukin-1
iNOS	Inducible nitric oxide synthase
IRAK-M	Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-M
IRE1	Inositol-requiring enzyme 1
IRF7	Interferon regulatory factor 7
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
LODS	Logistic Organ Dysfunction Score
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
MAPK	p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCP-1	Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
miRNA	MicroRNA
MMPs	Matrix metalloproteinases
NA	Noradrenaline
NF-κB	Nuclear factor-κB
NK cells	Natural killer cells
NLRs	NOD-like receptors
NRF-1	Nuclear respiratory factor-1
NS	Neonatal sepsis
PAI-1	Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
PAMPs	Pathogen-associated molecular patterns
PCT	Procalcitonin
PD-1/PD-L1	Programmed death receptor-1 and programmed death ligand-1
PERK	PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase
PMX-HP	Polymyxin B hemoperfusion
PRRs	Pattern-recognition receptors
qSOFA	Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment
rhAPC	Recombinant human APC
RLRs	RIG-I like receptors
RNS	Reactive nitrogen species
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
rTM	Recombinant TM
SIGIRR	Single Ig IL-1R-related molecule
SIRS	Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
SOCS1	Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1
SOFA	Sequential Organ Failure Assessment
ST2	Stimulation expressed gene 2
sTREM-1	Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1
TAK-242	Resatorvid
TFAM	Transcriptional activator of mitochondrial transcription factor A
TLRs	Toll-like receptors
TM	Thrombomodulin
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor-α
TOLLIP	Toll interacting protein
t-PA	Tissue plasminogen activator
u-PA	Urokinase-type plasminogen activator
α7nAChR	α7 nicotinic ACh receptor