| 2D-LC-MS | Two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| ACTA2 | Actin alpha 2 |
| AMH | Anti-Mullerian hormone |
| BMP4 | Bone morphogenic protein 4 |
| CREM | CAMP responsive element modulator |
| CYP19A1 | Cytochrome P450 Family 19 Subfamily A Member 1 |
| DDX4 | DEAD-Box Helicase 4 |
| ELISA | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| FGF2 | Fibroblast growth factor 2 |
| FSH | Follicle-stimulating hormone |
| G′ | Storage modulus |
| G″ | Loss modulus |
| GAG | Glycosaminoglycan |
| GC | Germ cell |
| hCG | Human chorionic gonadotropin |
| IHC | Immunohistochemistry |
| ITT | Immature testicular tissue |
| KSR | Knock-out serum replacement |
| LC | Leydig cell |
| PBS | Phosphate-buffered saline |
| SC | Sertoli cell |
| SCF | Stem cell factor |
| SOX9 | SRY-Box 9 |
| SSC | Spermatogonial stem cell |
| SCP3 | Synaptonemal complex protein 3 |
| ST-like | Seminiferous tubule-like |
| TBS | Tris-buffered saline |
| TBST | TBS-Triton |
| TCS | Testicular cell suspension |
| tECM | Testicular extracellular matrix |
| TO | Testicular organoid |