Table 5.
Downregulation or overexpression of cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX).
| Author (year) | Vector | Delivery Technique | Species/Model | Expression Properties | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Schillinger et al. (2000) [184] | AD | In vitro | Rabbit/wt | OE | ↓ contractile function |
| Terracciano et al. (2001) [175] | Transfection reagent | In vitro Injected into nuclei |
Mouse/wt | OE | ↑ Ca2+ handling and homeostasis |
| Ranu et al. (2002) [185] | AD | In vitro | Rabbit/wt | OE | ↓ contraction amplitude |
| Tadros et al. (2002) [186] | AD | In vitro | Rat/MI | DR | ↓ Ca2+ influx and efflux |
| Schillinger et al. (2003) [187] | AD | In vitro | Rabbit/wt | OE | Systolic and diastolic dysfunction |
| Bölck et al. (2004) [188] | AD | In vitro | Rat/wt | OE | ↓ cell shortening at higher stimulation frequencies ↑ intracellular systolic Ca2+ and contractile amplitude at low stimulation rates |
The origin of the genetic material used in the studies is indicated, if indicated in the publication. Injection into the aortic root or the LV cavity was performed during transient cross-clamping of the great vessels. Intramyocardial injection was performed after thoracotomy. ↓: decrease; ↑: improvement; AD: adenovirus; Ca2+: calcium; OE: overexpression; DR: downregulation; wt: wild-type.