| ABC transportersAUC | ATP-binding cassette transportersarea under the curve |
| BLI | bioluminescence imaging |
| BLIrel | relative bioluminescence imaging |
| CSE | coix seed extract |
| DMSO | dimethyl sulfoxide |
| FBS | fetal bovine serum |
| GEM | gemcitabine |
| K | elimination rate constant |
| MDR | multidrug resistance |
| MRT | mean resident time |
| MTT | 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
| PD | pharmacodynamics |
| PK | pharmacokinetics |
| SDS-PAGE electrophoresis | sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
| SNR | signal-to-noise ratio |
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