| UPLC-MS/MS | Ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| NMR | Nuclear magnetic resonance |
| PLS-DA | Partial least-squares discriminant analysis |
| LOQ | Limit of quantitation |
| TCA | Tricarboxylic acid |
| COA | Acetyl-coenzyme A |
| MA | Methylamine |
| DMA | Dimethylamine |
| TMA | Trimethylamine |
| DMG | Dimethylglycine |
| PC | Phosphorylcholine |
| GPC | Glycerophosphocholine |
| TMAO | Trimethylamine N-oxided |
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