Figure 4.

Effects of combined administration of GLYX-13 and KN93 (a selective CaMKII inhibitor) on the phosphorylation and mRNA levels of NR2B, CaMKII and CREB in the hippocampus of mice after isoflurane anesthesia.

(A–C) The phosphorylation levels of NR2B, CaMKII and CREB at 1 (A), 3 (B) and 7 (C) days after isoflurane anesthesia, detected by western blot assay. Relative protein expression is expressed as the ratio of the target protein to β-actin. (D–F) NR2B, CaMKII and CREB mRNA levels at 1 (A), 3 (B) and 7 (C) days after isoflurane anesthesia, detected by real time-polymerase chain reaction analysis. Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 5). #P < 0.05, vs. Anes group; †P < 0.05, vs. Anes + GLYX-13 group (one-way analysis of variance followed by post-hoc least significant difference test). CaMKII: Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II; CREB: cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein; NR2B: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B. Con: Control group; Anes: isoflurane anesthesia group, in which mice were exposed to 1.5% isoflurane for 6 hours; GLYX-13: GLYX-13 injection group, in which mice were intravenously administered GLYX-13 (1 mg/kg); Anes + GLYX-13: isoflurane anesthesia + GLYX-13 injection group, in which mice were exposed to 1.5% isoflurane for 6 hours and intravenously pre-administered GLYX-13 (1 mg/kg) 2 hours earlier.