Table 2.
Antioxidant capacities of nine selected phenolic compounds assessed with DPPH, ABTS, and ORAC assays.
| Categories | Antioxidant Capacities * | Semi-Contents # | Contributions (%) to | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DPPH | ABTS | ORAC | DPPH | ABTS | ORAC | |||
| in SC | ||||||||
| gallic acid | Hydroxybenzoic acids | 3.98 ± 0.38 a | 6.08 ± 0.36 a | 2.23 ± 0.03 f | 9.19 ± 0.12 | 23.81 ± 3.49 | 31.88 ± 0.14 | 8.29 ± 0.01 |
| tyrosol | Tyrosols | 0.06 ± 0.02 f | 0.21 ± 0.04 e | 1.96 ± 0.03 g | 116.44 ± 0.44 | 5.60 ± 2.33 | 17.18 ± 0.00 | 113.63 ± 0.01 |
| chlorogenic acid | Caffeoylquinic acids | 0.69 ± 0.02 c | 0.41 ± 0.05 c | 5.01 ± 0.17 b | 112.04 ± 0.87 | 24.16 ± 2.24 | 12.58 ± 0.00 | 108.95 ± 0.01 |
| epicatechin | Flavanols | 1.37 ± 0.11 b | 0.41 ± 0.03 c | 4.45 ± 0.02 c | 21.47 ± 0.21 | 11.22 ± 2.36 | 2.94 ± 0.00 | 22.64 ± 0.00 |
| proanthocyanidin B2 | Flavanol oligomers | 0.10 ± 0.00 e | 0.16 ± 0.01 f | 6.93 ± 0.05 a | 22.24 ± 0.41 | 0.43 ± 0.00 | 0.60 ± 0.00 | 18.32 ± 0.00 |
| rosmarinic acid | Hydroxycinnamic acids | 0.65 ± 0.10 c | 0.53 ± 0.05 b | 4.80 ± 0.06 b | 26.32 ± 0.26 | 5.26 ± 2.63 | 3.76 ± 0.00 | 24.12 ± 0.00 |
| Sum of contributions | 70.48 ± 2.08 | 68.95 ± 0.02 | 295.94 ± 0.01 | |||||
| in PC | ||||||||
| gallic acid | Hydroxybenzoic acids | 3.98 ± 0.38 a | 6.08 ± 0.36 a | 2.23 ± 0.03 f | 6.8 ± 0.14 | 18.64 ± 2.58 | 29.91 ± 0.14 | 4.00 ± 0.01 |
| epicatechin | Flavanols | 1.37 ± 0.11 b | 0.41 ± 0.03 c | 4.45 ± 0.02 c | 62.62 ± 0.35 | 34.65 ± 6.89 | 10.89 ± 0.00 | 43.16 ± 0.00 |
| resveratrol | Stilbenes | 0.44 ± 0.01 d | 0.28 ± 0.11 d | 2.43 ± 0.03 e | 152.66 ± 1.18 | 34.51 ± 1.53 | 23.07 ± 0.00 | 73.07 ± 0.00 |
| emodin | Anthraquinones | ND h | 0.22 ± 0.04 e | 2.50 ± 0.10 e | 185.11 ± 0.62 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 1.69 ± 0.00 | 76.98 ± 0.00 |
| Sum of contributions | 87.80 ± 2.75 | 65.56 ± 0.04 | 197.22 ± 0.01 | |||||
| in BC | ||||||||
| epicatechin | Flavanols | 1.37 ± 0.11 b | 0.41 ± 0.03 c | 4.45 ± 0.02 c | 112.39 ± 0.76 | 59.97 ± 12.36 | 15.49 ± 0.00 | 164.40 ± 0.00 |
| proanthocyanidin B2 | Flavanol oligomers | 0.10 ± 0.00 e | 0.16 ± 0.01 f | 6.93 ± 0.05 a | 212.98 ± 1.52 | 4.16 ± 0.00 | 5.75 ± 0.00 | 243.42 ± 0.00 |
| liquiritigenin | Flavanones | 0.02 ± 0.00 g | 0.01 ± 0.00 g | 2.89 ± 0.05 d | 21.01 ± 0.08 | 0.19 ± 0.00 | 0.08 ± 0.00 | 22.61 ± 0.00 |
| Sum of contributions | 64.32 ± 4.12 | 21.32 ± 0.00 | 430.42 ± 0.00 | |||||
* indicated that results were presented as μmol Trolox equivalent/μmol phenolic compound, different superscript letters in each row means significant difference. # presented the results as mg phenolic compound/g d.w., respectively.