Table 2.
Concurrent anti-tumor therapies employing inhibitors of HSPs.
| Inhibitor | Concurrent Therapy | Cancer Type | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HSF1 inhibitors | ||||
| Triptolide | Doxorubicin | MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer | Inhibition of tumor growth and enhancement of anti-tumor effects of doxorubicin | Xiong et al., 2016 [31] |
| Triptolide | Curcumin | Ovarian cancer | Tumor inhibition rate of 68.78% | Liu et al., 2018 [32] |
| KRIBB11 | Akt small molecule inhibitor MK-2206 | Breast cancer | Synergistic killing of breast cancer cells and breast cancer stem cells; inhibition of tumor growth | Carpenter et al., 2017 [33] |
| Cardenolide CL-43 | Cisplatin/etoposide/doxorubicin | HCT-116 human colon carcinoma | Additive anti-tumor effect | Nikotina et al., 2018 [34] |
| HSP90 inhibitors | ||||
| Tanespimycin (17-AAG) | Trastuzumab | HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer progressing on trastuzumab | Significant anticancer activity | Modi et al., 2011 [35] |
| Ganetespib (STA-9090) | BRAF(V600E) inhibitor vemurafenib/MEK inhibitor TAK-733 | Melanoma | Tumor regression in vemurafenib-resistant xenografts | Acquaviva et al., 2014 [36] |
| Ganetespib | Anti-PD-L1 antibody STI-A1015 | MC38 colon carcinoma and B16 melanoma | Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of the combinatorial regimen | Proia et al., 2015 [37] |
| HSP70 inhibitors | ||||
| VER-155008 | 17-AAD inhibitor of HSP90 | NSCLC cells | Synergistic effect on NSCLC cells proliferation | Wen et al., 2014 [38] |
| VER-155008/MAL3-101 | STA-9090 inhibitor of HSP90 | Muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) cells | Synergistic anti-tumor effect | Prince et al., 2018 [39] |
| VER-155008 | Radicicol inhibitor of HSP90 | Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells | Enhanced anti-tumor activity of combinatorial therapy | Kim et al., 2014 [40] |
| Pifithrin-μ | Cisplatin/Oxaliplatin | HT29 colorectal and PC-3 prostate cancer cells | Synergistic anti-tumor effect | McKeon et al., 2016 [41] |
| HSP27 inhibitors | ||||
| Apartorsen | Docetaxel | Platinum-resistant metastatic urothelial carcinoma | Improved OS compared to docetaxel alone |
Rosenberg et al., 2018 [42] |
| OGX-427 | Autophagy inhibitor chloroquine | PC-3 prostate cancer | Inhibition of tumor progression in vivo | Kumano et al., 2012 [43] |
| OGX-427 | HSP90 inhibitor PF-04929113 |
Castrate-resistant prostate cancer | OGX-427 synergistically enhanced anti-tumor effect of HSP90 inhibitor | Lamoureux et al., 2014 [44] |