. 2019 Oct 24;20(21):5298. doi: 10.3390/ijms20215298

Table 2.

Various functions of CPKs in biotic and abiotic stresses in different plant species.

Sr. #	Specie Name	Gene	Function	Reference
1	Arabidopsis thaliana	AtCPK1	Cellular homeostasis, resistance fungal elicitor.	[76,78,114,115,116]
2		AtCPK3	Salt resistance.	[117,118]
3		AtCPK4	Regulate ABA-regulatory transcription factors (e.g., ABF, ABF4, drought resistance).	[98]
4		AtCPK5	Regulate immunity responses, ROS-dependent cell-to-cell communication.	[78]
5		AtCPK6	Drought tolerance, ABA-dependent osmotic adjustment.	[119]
6		AtCPK8	Drought tolerance through interaction with protein CAT3.	[97,109]
7		AtCPK9	Regulate the ABA-dependent signaling pathway interacting with CPK33.	[75]
8		AtCPK10	Drought responsiveness, ABA-mediated stomatal movements.	[106]
9		AtCPK11	Phosphorylation of AtDi19, ABA signaling.	[120]
10		AtCPK12	Seed germination, activation of ABA regulators.	[72,121]
11		AtCPK16	Root-gravitropism phosphorylate AtACS7.	[122]
12		AtCPK21	Hyperosmotic adjustments.	[123]
13		AtCPK23	Salt stress, drought stress.	[124]
14		AtCPK27	Salinity resistance, H₂O₂ and ionic homeostasis.	[125]
15		AtCPK28	Vascular development, stem elongation, ethylene synthesis, lignin deposition.	[81,82]
16		AtCPK32	ABA-regulatory gene activation.	[126]
17		AtCPK33	Regulates flowering, biosynthesis of florigen and flowering locus T protein.	[127]
18	Cicer areitinum (Chickpea)	CaCPK1	Salt stress, drought stress, phytohormones, and defense signaling pathways.	[110]
19	Cicer areitinum (Chickpea)	CaCPK2		[110]
20	Capsicum annuum (Peppers)	CaCPK3	Pathogen resistance, defense functioning (i.e., regulates jasmonic and salicylic acid), ethephon.	[79]
21	Fragaria x ananassa (Garden strawberry)	FaCPK1	low-temperature tolerance, fruit ripening.	[128]
22	Medicago sativa (Alfalfa)	MsCPK3	Heat stress resistance, embryogenesis.	[129]
23	Oryza sativa (Rice)	OsCPK1	Drought stress, seed germination, and GA biosynthesis.	[111]
24		OsCPK4	Microbial-associated immunity, OsRLCK176 degradation.	[130]
25		OsCDPK5	Fungal attacks phosphorylate OsERG1 and OsERG3.	[131]
26		OsCPK9	Drought stress tolerance, ABA sensitivity spikelet fertility.	[71]
27		OsCPK10	Pseudomonas syringae pv resistance, SA and JA regulator.	[132]
28		OsCPK12	Salt tolerance, blast disease resistance, induce ROS production, leaf senescence,	[1,133]
29		OsCDPK13	Regulate cold, salt, dehydration responses.	[134]
30		OsCPK17	Cold stress interacts with sucrose synthase and plasma membrane intrinsic proteins.	[135]
31		OsCPK21	Salt tolerance, ABA pathway activation.	[136]
32		OsCPK24	Cold stress tolerance, inhibition of OsGrx10.	[74]
33		OsCPK31	Starch accumulation, early grain filling.	[137]
34	Nicotiana tabacum (Tobacco)	NtCPK1	Signaling localization for repression of shoot growth, GA biosynthesis.	[138]
35		NtCPK2	Biotic stress immunity.	[139]
36		NtCPK32	Pollen tube growth interacts with CNGC18.	[83]
37	Hevea brasiliensis (Rubber tree)	HbCDPK1	Latex biosynthesis, rubber production.	[84]
38	Panax ginseng (Chinese ginseng)	PgCDPK1a	Regulate ginseng growth.	[85]
39	Phalaenopsis amabilis (Moth orchid)	PaCPK1	Cold stress sensitivity, wounding, pathogen attack.	[86]
40	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	TaCDPK1	Regulate metabolic and developmental pathways.	[91]
41		TaCPK7	Drought stress, salt stress, ABA signaling pathway.	[112]
42		TaCPK12	Drought stress, salt stress, ABA signaling pathway.	[112]
43	Zingiber officinale (Ginger)	ZoCDPK1	Salinity and drought stress tolerance.	[113]
44	Zea mays (Maize)	ZmCPK1	Cold stress regulates ZmERF3 expression.	[33]
45		ZmCPK4	Upregulate ABA-regulatory components (i.e., ABI5, ABF3 and RAB18) with MAPKs.	[87]
46		ZmCPK11	Superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase production, ABA pathway.	[103]
47	Vigna radiata (Mung bean)	VrCPK1	Salt stress tolerance.	[140]
48	Vicia faba (Broad bean)	VfCPK1	Drought stress resistance.	[108]
49	Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato)	SlCDPK2	Flowering.	[141]
50		SlCDPK10	Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Pseudomonas syringae resistance.
51		SlCDPK18	Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Pseudomonas syringae resistance.	[60]
52	Solanum tuberosum (Potato)	StCPK1	Tuber formation.	[142]
53		StCPK4	Fungal pathogen resistance, ROS production.	[143]
54		StCDPK5	Blight resistance and susceptibility, ROS defense functioning.	[100]
55		StCDPK7	Resistance against Phytophthora infestans.	[77]
56	Nicotiana attenuate (Coyote tobacco)	NaCDPK4	Wound-induced jasmonic acid (JA) accumulation, insect resistance.	[80]
57	Nicotiana attenuate (Coyote tobacco)	NaCDPK5		[80]
58	Camellia sinensis (Tea plant)	CsCDPK20	High-temperature stress resistance.	[144]
59	Camellia sinensis (Tea plant)	CsCDPK26	High-temperature stress resistance.	[144]
60	Hordeum vulgare (Barley)	HvCPK3	Resistance against powdery mildew.	[145]
61	Hordeum vulgare (Barley)	HvCPK4	Resistance against powdery mildew.	[145]
62	Brassica napus (Oilseed rape)	BnaCPK2	ROS accumulation, cell death.	[2]
63	Musa acuminate (Banana)	MaCDPK7	Heat-induced fruit ripening, chilling, stress tolerance.	[146]
64		MaCDPK2	Sensitive to Foc-TR4 infection, biotic stress tolerance.	[147]
65		MaCDPK4	Sensitive to Foc-TR4 infection, biotic stress tolerance.
66		MaCDPK3	Responsive for drought, cold, and salinity.
67	Vitis amurensis (Grapevine)	VaCPK1	Salt stress, heat-responsiveness, stilbene bio-synthesis.	[89,148]
68		VaCPK26	Salt stress, Stilbene bio-synthesis, through the induced expression of stilbene synthase (STS) genes.	[89,148]
69		VaCPK20	Drought stress, cold stress.	[107]
70		VaCPK21	Salt stress signaling.	[149]
71	Pharbitis nil (Picotee)	PnCPK1	Seed germination, seedling growth, flowering, regulation of light-dependent pathways, embryogenesis.	[90]
72	Populus euphratica (Desert poplar)	PeCPK10	Drought and cold stress tolerance, ABA-responsive genes regulator.	[150]
73	Cucumis melo (Hami melon)	HmCDPK2	Resistance against Penicillium infection.	[151]