Table 2.
Outcome data of included studies in the meta-analysis of probiotics for VAP prevention (probiotics vs control).
| Study/Year | VAP (n/N) |
Hospital mortality (n/N) |
ICU mortality (n/N) |
ICU length of stay (mean(SD)/N) |
Diarrhea (n/N) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Probiotics | Control | Probiotics | Control | Probiotics | Control | Probiotics | Control | Probiotics | Control | |
| Forestier 2008 | 24/102 | 24/106 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Morrow 2010 | 17/68 | 33/70 | 12/68 | 15/73 | 12/68 | 15/70 | 14.8(11.8)/68 | 14.6(11.6)/70 | 46/68 | 57/70 |
| Klarin 2008 | 1/23 | 3/21 | 3/22 | 2/22 | 5/23 | 4/21 | 10.6(6.2)/23 | 7.6(3.7)/21 | NA | NA |
| Knight 2009 | 12/130 | 17/129 | 35/130 | 42/129 | 28/130 | 34/129 | NA | NA | 7/130 | 9/129 |
| Kotzampassi 2006 | 15/36 | 16/36 | 5/36 | 10/36 | 5/35 | 9/30 | 27.7(15.2)/35 | 41.3(20.5)/30 | 5/36 | 10/36 |
| Spindler-Vesel 2007 | 4/26 | 34/87 | NA | NA | 2/26 | 5/87 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Barraud 2010 | 23/78 | 15/71 | 27/78 | 24/71 | 21/78 | 21/71 | 18.7(12.4)/78 | 20.2(20.8)/71 | 48/78 | 42/71 |
| Tan 2011 | 7/16 | 13/19 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Rongrungruang 2015 | 18/75 | 22/75 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 19/75 | 14/75 |
| Zeng 2016 | 43/118 | 59/117 | 26/118 | 25/117 | 15/118 | 9/117 | NA | NA | 43/118 | 59/117 |
| Banupriya 2015 | 12/70 | 35/72 | 17/70 | 23/72 | NA | NA | 7.7(4.6)/70 | 12.54(9.91)/72 | NA | NA |
| Giamarellos-Bourboulis 2009 | 15/36 | 16/36 | 5/36 | 10/36 | 5/35 | 9/30 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Li 2012 | 24/82 | 37/83 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Oudhuis 2011 | 10/130 | 9/124 | NA | NA | 35/130 | 32/124 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
NA = not available; VAP = ventilator-associated pneumonia, ICU = intensive care unit.