TABLE 3.

Multivariable ORs and 95% CIs for the association of HCC with the modified HLI and the PLS lifestyle and metabolic signatures (X- and M-scores)¹

Exposure	OR (95% CI)2	P-value
HLI associations
Modified HLI	0.82 (0.76, 0.89)	2.3 × 10−6
Main PLS analysis3
Lifestyle signature	0.53 (0.38, 0.74)	2.6 × 10−5
Metabolic signature	0.28 (0.18, 0.43)	8.0 × 10−9
Sensitivity PLS analysis4
Lifestyle signature5	0.69 (0.48, 1.01)	5.8 × 10−2
Metabolic signature5	0.29 (0.16, 0.52)	3.4 × 10−5

¹HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HLI, healthy lifestyle index; PLS, partial least squares.

²ORs are reported for a 1-SD increase either in the modified HLI or in the PLS X- and M-scores (lifestyle and metabolic signatures). The ORs from the HLI and the main PLS analysis were unadjusted, whereas the conditional regression models in the sensitivity analysis were adjusted for the liver function score. The OR results for the lifestyle and metabolic signatures were computed from two separated models, and were not mutually adjusted, in both the main and sensitivity analyses. Cases and controls were matched on age at blood collection (±1 y), sex, study center, date (±2 mo) and time of day at blood collection (± 3 h), and fasting status at blood collection (<3, 3–6, >6 h); women were additionally matched on menopausal status (pre-, peri-, postmenopausal) and hormone replacement therapy.

³Results from the main analysis using residuals based on country (X- and M-sets) and batch (M-set only) (n = 294, X-set = 7, M-set = 133).

⁴Results from the sensitivity analysis using the same residuals as in the main PLS analysis but excluding the liver function score from the M-set (n = 294, X-set = 7, M-set = 132).

⁵This model was adjusted for the liver function score.